1950～2004年乐山市麻疹流行特征与防制对策探讨  

Study on the epidemiological features of measles and the strategies for its prevention and treatment from 1950 through 2004 in the city of Leshan

作　　者：江正斌[1] 郭志洪[1] 徐蓉芳[1] 江顿滔[1] 刘满珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省乐山市疾病预防控制中心,四川乐山614000

出　　处：《疾病监测》2006年第2期71-72,83,共3页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的了解乐山市麻疹流行特征与规律,探讨防制对策与措施。方法采用一般统计方法和卡方检验方法,用SPSS10.0软件处理。结果开展计划免疫后乐山市发病率下降了92.15%、死亡率下降了98.85%,发病年龄呈后移趋势(!2=283.26,P<0.0001),发病职业趋向学生(!2=359.24,P<0.0001),少、边地区是乐山市计划免疫的薄弱环节。结论开展10岁以上在校生和新入学大、中专生麻苗复种,加强麻疹流行病学和实验室监测以及少、边地区常规免疫接种质量的督导检查和完善冷链设备,是防止麻疹在乐山市暴发流行的重要策略。Objective This investigation was conducted to understand the epidemiological features of measles and explore strategies for the prevention and treatment of the epidemic. Methods SPSS10.0 software package was used for general statistical analysis and chi-square test. Results Statistics showed that after the implementation of planned immunization the incidence rate of measles decreased by 92.15%, and the mortality of the disease decreased by 98.85%. And a trend that onset began at an older age was seen （x^2=283.26,P〈0.0001）. Students were more affected in terms of occupation （x^2=359.24 ,P〈0.0001 ）. It was found that planned immunization was poor in the remote and minority areas of Leshan municipality. Conclusion The important strategies for the prevention of measles outbreak in our city include implementing measles revaccination for students over 10 years and newcomers in colleges and technical secondary schools, strengthening epidemiological and lab surveillance for measles, supervising the quality of routine immunization in the remote and minority areas, and improving the cold-chain equipment.

关 键 词：麻疹 流行病学特征 防制对策 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]