β－内酰胺类抗生素与β－内酰胺酶抑制剂复方制剂的体外抗菌作用  

Antibacterial activity of β-lactams and their combinations with β-lactamase inhibitors

作　　者：朱德妹[1] 张婴元[1] 王宇倩[1] 周乐[1] 吴卫红[1] 汪复[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医科大学华山医院抗生素研究所

出　　处：《中国抗生素杂志》1996年第3期198-202,共5页Chinese Journal of Antibiotics

摘　　要：用琼脂稀释法测定Ａｕｇｍｅｎｔｉｎ（ＡＵＧ）、Ｔｉｍｅｎｔｉｎ（ＴＩＭ）和Ｕｎａｓｙｎ（ＵＮＡ）对６８５株临床分离菌的体外抗菌作用，并与其他抗菌药物进行比较。６８５株细菌中４５９株细菌产β－内酰胺酶。产酶菌对阿莫西林，替卡西林和氨苄西林的耐药率均很高，ＡＵＧ、ＴＩＭ和ＵＮＡ与上述抗生素相比有明显的增效作用，抗菌谱亦有扩大。３种复方制剂对大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌、变形杆菌属和志贺菌属的抗菌作用与哌拉西林、庆大霉素和诺氟沙星相似或略强；对葡萄球菌中甲氧西林敏感株的作用与苯唑西林、头孢唑林相仿，明显优于红霉素、青霉素；对脆弱类杆菌的抗菌作用与甲硝唑相仿。We studied the antibacterial activity of Augmentin, Timentin and Unasyn against 685 clinical isolates and compared with their β-lactam components and other antimicrobial agents, Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by agar dilution method using an inoculum of 10￣5 cfu/spot.Results showed that 459 strains(66%)of the clinical isolates produced β-lactamases. The β-lactamase-producing strains were resistant to amoxicillin, ticarcillin and ampicillin ,however Augmentin, Timentin and Unasyn have significantly better activity and broader antibacterial spectrum in comparison with the β-lactams alone. The synergistic activity of Augmentin(reduction in MICs)were more marked than the other two compounds . In comparison with other antimicrobial agents,the antibacterial activity of the three compounds was slightly better or similar to that of piperacillin, gentamicin and norfloxacin against E. coli,K.pneumoniae,Proteus spp.and Shigella spp.,much better than that of erythromycin and penicillin. Their activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococci were similar to that of oxacillin and cefazolin and their activity against B.fragilis were similar to that to that of metronidazole.

关 键 词：Β-内酰胺类 内酰胺酶抑制剂 药敏试验 抗生素 

分 类 号：R978.11[医药卫生—药品]