光电倍增管单光子探测器的噪声特性研究  

On noise characteristics of monophoton detector of photomultiplier

作　　者：李建新[1] 王应宗[2] 

机构地区：[1]延安大学物理与电子信息学院,陕西延安716000 [2]陕西师范大学物理与信息技术学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《延安大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第1期31-33,共3页Journal of Yan'an University：Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：在弱光测量中,暗电流或暗噪声计数是探测系统灵敏阈和测量精度的主要限制,根据光电倍增管的工作原理,光电倍增管中的噪声源主要来自光阴极和二次极的热发射.从本征半导体和掺杂半导体中热发射电流密度探讨了光电倍增管单光子探测器的噪声特性,提出了减小光电倍增管单光子探测器噪声的几种措施,即管子致冷法、磁散焦法、选用光电倍增管的管型、减小检测系统频带宽度.In weak light measurement, dark current or dark noise counting are major obstacles for sensitivity threshold and measurement accuracy of the detection system. According to its working principle, noise source of the photomutiplier mainly originates from heat emission of photocathode and secondary emission electrode. This paper investigates noise characteristics of PMT monophoton detector on the basis of cur rent density of heat emission in intrinsic semiconductor and doped semiconductor, and suggests measures for noise reduction in PMT monophoton detector, including methods of PMT cooling, magnetic defocusing, PMT choosing and reducing the frequency bandwidth of the detection system.

关 键 词：光电倍增管(PMT) 单光子探测嚣 噪声 

分 类 号：TP211.6[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN247[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]