黍黑孢菌生物学特性和杀菌剂筛选  

Biological characteristics of Nigrospora panici and fungicide screening

作　　者：屠艳拉[1] 张敬泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物技术研究所,杭州310029

出　　处：《植物保护》2006年第2期52-55,共4页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划引导项目(2001BA744C)

摘　　要：黍黑孢菌在PDA培养基上生长40 h后开始产孢,但孢子萌发在产孢20 d后。1/2马铃薯葡萄糖汁(PDB)和1%酵母浸出膏显著地促进孢子萌发,萌发率分别达到99%和87.7%,而5%葡萄糖、1%胰蛋白胨和5%蔗糖对孢子萌发促进作用不显著。药剂对菌丝抑制作用的试验结果表明,多菌灵等8种药剂都对黍黑孢菌菌丝生长有着不同程度的抑制作用,其中,50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂效果最好,EC50为0.017μg/mL,EC95为0.098μg/mL。药剂对黍黑孢菌孢子萌发抑制试验结果表明,75%百菌清可湿性粉剂、30%福.腐.百可湿性粉剂、50%多菌灵可湿性粉剂、50%福.福甲胂.福锌可湿性粉剂和28%百.霉威可湿性粉剂都是有效的杀菌剂,其中,百菌清效果最好,其EC50和EC95分别为0.008μg/mL和0.107μg/mL。Nigrospora panici produced spores on PDA after 40 hours, but it took more than 20 d to become mature after the spore appeared. 1/2 PDB and 1% yeast significantly promoted spore germination, with germination rates reaching 99% and 87. 7%, respectively. On the contrary, glucose, tryptone and sucrose didn＇t promote spore germinatioru Studies on the effects of the fungicides on mycelial growth of N. panici revealed that carbendazim, chlorothalonil, zineb, thiophanate-methyl, thiram-ziram urbacide, iprodione, chlorothalonil-diethofencarb and thiramprocymidone-diethofenearb were all effective to different extents, but carbendazim was the most effective inhibitor with EC50 value as 0. 017μg/mL and EC95 value as 0. 098 μg/mL, respectively. Studies on the inhibitory effects of the fungicides on spore germination of N. panici showed that chlorothalonil, thiram-procymidone-diethofencarb, carbendazim, thiram ziram-urbacide and chlorothalonil-diethofencarb were all effective, but ehlorothalonil was the most effective one with EC50 value as 0. 008 μg/mL and EC95 value as 0. 107μg/mL. Thiophanate-methyl, zineb and iprodione fungicides were ineffective.

关 键 词：铁皮石斛 黍黑孢菌 生物学特性 药剂筛选 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学]