抗战时期大后方的农业改良  

Agricultural Reform in the Rear Area during the War of Resistance Against Japan

作　　者：郑起东[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京100006

出　　处：《古今农业》2006年第1期52-66,共15页Ancient and Modern Agriculture

摘　　要：抗日战争时期,国民政府对大后方的农业进行了大规模的改良。首先,积极调整战时农业政策,确定农业改良为基本国策,设立了中央农业改良机构,调整充实了省县及县以下各级农业推广机构,并推行农业推广督导制度,为战时全面、大规模的农业改良奠定了组织和制度基础。其次,为了解决粮食问题和发展经济作物,主要抓了六个方面的工作。战时农业改良也取得了显著成效。总之,抗战时期大后方的农业改良,对夺取抗日战争的最后胜利具有重大意义。这一成绩是大后方农业科技人员和广大农民共同奋斗的结果,同时也是与当时国民政府所采取的一系列有利于大后方农业生产发展的方针、政策与措施分不开的。应当承认,抗战期间,大后方农业经济为抗日战争做出了贡献。In the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Nationalist Government had brought about a large- scale reform in the agriculture in the rear area, gaining remarkable beneficial results. Firstly, the Nationalist Government had adjusted its wartime agricultural policy, determining the agricultural reform as the basic one. It had established the central agricultural- reform institutions, strengthening those at the provincial and county level. It had also pressed forward a system to promote agriculture. Secondly, in order to solve the problem of staple food supply and develop cash crops, the National Government had given all- round attention to six aspects. The agricultural improvement had achieved great success. On the whole, the agricultural reform in the rear area during the War of Resistance had made great achievements. It had profound significance to the ultimate triumph of the War of Resistance. It was the fruits of the agronomists and peasants to unite in the common struggle. In the mean time, it was due to the series of policy and measure to benefit the development of agriculture in the rear area by the Nationalist Government.

关 键 词：抗战时期 大后方 农业改良 

分 类 号：F329[经济管理—产业经济]