肥水运筹对不同筋类小麦产量和品质的影响  

Influence of Irrigation and Nitrogen Application on Yield and Quality of Different Gluten Types of Wheat

作　　者：季书勤[1] 郭瑞[1] 赵淑章[1] 王汉芳[1] 张德奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2006年第2期130-134,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家科技部"十五"重大科技攻关项目(2001BA507A02)

摘　　要：通过连续2年的施肥和灌水试验，研究了肥水对强、弱筋小麦产量扣品质的影响，探讨了以群体调控为核心的节本增效技术。结果表明，强筋小麦的氮肥运筹以“前轻中重后补充”模式的产量、品质俱佳。在一定范围内，强筋小麦随施氮量增加，品质提高，弱筋小麦随施氮量增加品质下降，产量有所提高。强筋小麦的品质指标有随灌水次数的增加而降低的趋势，弱筋小麦不同灌水量处理间的品质差异不明显。因此强筋小麦要节本增效，应在底墒克足、一播全苗的基础上，不浇越冬水扣返青水，小麦全生育期灌水由3～4次减少为1～2次，在保证产量和品质的前提下，提高水分利用效率；减少底氮用量，起身拔节期重施氮肥，提高氮肥利用率，实现节本增效。The influence of irrigation and nitrogen application on yield and quality of different gluten wheat was studied by the experiments for 2 years and the cost saving and income-raising techniques was discussed. Results showed that the steady and the mid-high nitrogenous fertilizer application pattern could raise the utilization rate of nitrogenous fertilizer. The quality of Strong gluten wheat was increased with more N fertilizer application, but the yield reduced. The quality of strong gulten wheat reduced with irrigation increasing. Decreasing the number of irrigation steadily raised yield and quality as well as water use efficiency. Reducing base nitrogen application and more N fertilizer application after double ridge stage could raised quality and nitrogenous fertilizer use efficiency to achieve cost-saving and income-raising.

关 键 词：小麦 施肥 灌溉 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S318