母乳喂养和辅食添加与儿童亚临床VitA缺乏的关系  

Association of Breastfeeding and Complemetary food Supplements with Sub-clinical Vitamin A Deficiency in Children

作　　者：张业武[1] 尹惠萍[2] 陶芳标[3] 朱晓明[2] 孔圣华[2] 宋清华[2] 陈建华[2] 储诚志[2] 李竹[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学生育健康研究所,安徽省妇幼保健所100083 [2]安徽省妇幼保健所 [3]安徽医科大学少儿卫生和妇幼卫生系

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2006年第7期931-933,共3页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

摘　　要：目的：探讨母乳喂养和辅食添加与儿童亚临床VitA缺乏的关系。方法：对于6—71个月儿童VitA营养状况进行横断面研究，荧光法测定血清VitA含量。半定量频率问卷收集调查前2周内儿童辅食情况，同时调查儿童的家庭经济、围生期保健及疾病情况等。结果：单因素分析表明母乳喂养为亚临床VitA缺乏的危险因素（OR=3．52，95％CI为2．02-6．12）；多因素Logistic回归在控制性别、月龄、儿童排行、母亲文化水平、母亲职业、VitA增补剂、腹泻等因素后，仍然有显著意义（OR=2．39，95％CI为1．22—4．69）。单因素分析添加鲜奶或奶制品、蛋类、豆类及豆制品、蔬菜以及鱼虾等辅食对亚临床VitA缺乏有保护作用，伽均小于1；在控制已知协变量和混杂变量后，只有豆类及豆制品辅食添加有统计学意义（OR=0．41，95％CI为0．18—0．94）。结论：6个月以后母乳喂养不能成为亚临床VitA缺乏的保护因素，辅食添加不足与亚临床VitA缺乏关系有待进一步研究。Objective： To explore the relations between breasffeeding, complementary food supplements and Sub - clinical Vitamin A deficiency （SVAD） in children with hypothesis that breastfeeding can not guarantee to protect the children aged more than 6 months from SVAD. Methods： Data of 976 children aged 6 to 71 months was obtained from a population - based cross sectional study on vitamin A nutrition. Fluorescence method was used to detecte the serum retinol. SVAD cases were identified by the indicator of serum retinol less than or equal to 20 μg/dl. Childre＇s mothers or caregivers were asked to answer a pre - designed questionnaire about socioeconomic status, at the same time, perinatal care, breasffeeding status, morbidity histories and other related fadtors were collected. Semi - quantitative food frequencyquestionnaire was used to investigate the Children＇s dietary intakes during twoweeks before survey. Results： Logistic regression analysis showed that breastfeeding in children aged more than 6 months was a risk factor of SVAD （OR = 3.52, 95% CI： 2. 02 - 6. 12） . After adjusted for sex, age , the orders in siblings, mother＇s education, mother＇s occupation, vitamin A supplementation and diarrhea, it still showed statistical significance （ OR = 2. 39, 95% CI ： 1.22 - 4.69） . Uni - variate analysis showed the protecting effects of higher frequency intakes of milk and related products, eggs, beans and related products, fruits, darkgreen and yellow vegetables, fish and shrimps, with all ORs less than 1.0. But after controlled by covariates and confounding factors , only the highest frequency intakes of soybeans and related products showed a statistically significant effect （ intakes everyday VS non - intakes OR = 0. 41, 95 % CI ： 0. 18 - 0. 94 ） . Conclusion： Breastfeeding can protect the children aged more than 6 months from SVAD. The relationships between dietary intakes and SVAD should be further studied.

关 键 词：营养流行病学调查 儿童 亚临床Vit A缺乏(SVAD) 母乳喂养 辅食 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]