应用不完全双列杂交法协作选配杂交水稻新组合的研究Ⅱ．数量性状配合力和遗传力的分析  

COOPERATIVELY BREEDING OF NEW HYBRID RICE COMBINATIONS BY USING INCOMPLETE DIALLEL CROSS METHOD. 2. COMBINING ABILITY AND HERITABILITY OF THE MAIN QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS

作　　者：彭俊华 曾德初 龙太康 刘明 吴凡 邵启明[1] 吴元奇 

机构地区：[1]湛江农业专科学校农学系,四川省农科院科技处,绵阳市农科所,四川省农科院水稻高粱研究所,西南农业大学农学系

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1996年第3期12-21,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省水稻育种攻关项目

摘　　要：将四川省水稻育种攻关组在“八五”前期选育的７个不育系（含珍汕９７Ａ）和６个恢复系（含明恢６３），按不完全双列杂交模式组配，获得４Ｏ个组合。１９９３年，在绵阳、成都、重庆和沙州进行多点大小区试验，考察了小区产量等１１个性状。将４０个组合按ａ（７×５）和ｂ（５×６）两组不完全双列杂交试验，进行合并配合力分析，结果表明：１１个性状均存在极显著的基因型、地点和基因型×地点互作效应，各性状都有极显著的ＳＣＡ×地点工作效应，部分性状存在不育系ＧＣＡ×地点和恢复系ＧＣＡ×地点互作效应或其中之一。除结实率主要受制于ＳＣＡ效应和日产量中ＧＣＡ与ＳＣＡ效应同等重要外，其余９个性状均主要受制于ＧＣＡ及其所反映的基因加性效应，而且恢复系多数性状（７／１１）ＧＣＡ效应较不育系的ＧＣＡ效应更为重要。特殊配合力优良的组合，其自身表现并不一定优良；自身表现优良的组合几乎都含有一个高ＧＣＡ亲本，大部分还含有两个高ＧＣＡ亲本。各性状的ｈ２Ｂ和ｈ２Ｎ均因地点不同而异，一般以ｈＢ２的地点稳定性较ｈｎ２强。本文还对新选育亲本作了评价，讨论了群体遗传构成、遗传力的地点变异性等问题。A series of CMS lines and restorer lines developed in th early period of the eight Five-year Plan Period of Sichuan Provillce were mated with incomplete disllel cross mode, and 40 hybrid crosses were obtained. A multiple-site experiment with macro -plot was conducted at 4 locations, i. e. Misnyang (31°28'N), Chengdu (30°40'N), Chongqin (29°50'N) and Luzhou (28°56'N) in 1993, and 11 quantitative characters including grain yield/plot, heading date, etc. were measured. Two groups of incomplete diallel cross experiments, i. e. a (7 × 5)and b (5 × 6). were formed from the 40 crosses .and the data were subjected to pooled analysis of combining ability. The results indicated that there were highly significant genotypic, locational, genotype ×location and SCA×location effects in all of the 11 characters and significant GCA × location effects for CDS lines and restorer linbs in some of the characters. Filled spiklet percentage wes mainly controlled by SCA effects, the GCA and SCA effects for daily grain yield were equally important, and the other characters were mainly controlled by GCA effects. And the GCA effects of restorer lines were more important than those of CMS lines in most of the characters (7/11). The crosses with good SCA effects did not have perfect per se performance certainly, and usually have 1 or 2 high GCA parents. However, nearly all the crosses with perfect per se performance did have high GCA parent, and most of them had 2 high GCA parents. The heritabilities (h2B & h2N) of each character were varying with locations, and the locational variability of heritabilities varied tith the charscters. The stability of h2B was usually better than that of h2N. Also in this paper, the newly-bred parents involved in the experiments were evaluated, the genetic constitution, interaction of combining ability with location,locational variability of heritability and other related problems concerning the sample population were discussed.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 数量性状 配合力 遗传力 双列杂交 

分 类 号：S511.035.1[农业科学—作物学]