诸葛菜的细胞遗传学研究  

^A STUDY ON THE CYTOGENETICS OF Orychophragmus violaceus

作　　者：吴沿友[1] 蒋九余[1] 帅世文[1] 姚良珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵州省植物园

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1996年第3期38-41,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金

摘　　要：本文报导诸葛菜的细胞遗传学研究结果。通过观察诸葛菜体细胞染色体数目及其频率，发现诸葛菜的体细胞组成很复杂，只有６０．６８％的２ｎ＝２４的细胞．其它细胞的染色休数呈６的倍数变化，证实了诸葛菜是四倍体的假设。诸葛菜花粉母细胞的减数分裂观察结果表明，中期Ⅰ，除有正常的１２个二价体的细胞存在以外，还有２４个单价体的细胞存在。后期Ⅰ和后期Ⅱ都出现了染色体分割现象。此外，在诸葛菜体内还存在细胞融合现象。细胞融合－染色体分割是造成诸葛菜的体细胞染色体数目变化的原因。而体细胞的组成多样性及四倍性又是诸葛菜的叶形、株型、花色多样性的内在原因。This paper dealt with the cytogenetics of Oryehophragmus violaceus. Through observation on the nunlbcr and frequency of somatic chromosomes, we found that the ingredient of somatic cells was intricate and there were only 60. 68% cells of 2n = 24. There were various of plody of x= 6 in the other cells. It suggested that Orychophragmus violaceus was tetraploid. Meiosis observation of PMCs showed that there were cells with 24 umivalents except 12 bivalents at Ml, and the phenomenon of chromosome fractionation occured at Al and All. Additionally, the phenomenon of cytomixis occurred in cells of O. violaceus. The change of the number of somatic chromosomes was due to cytomixis and chromosome fractionation. The somatic ingredient diversity brought out the diversity of leaf shapes, plant types and the colors of flowers

关 键 词：诸葛菜 细胞融合 细胞遗传学 

分 类 号：S565.903.2[农业科学—作物学]