某综合医院抗生素应用现状调查  

INVESTIGATION ON THE PRESENT USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN A HOSPITAL.

作　　者：汪勇[1] 张倩 陈敏[1] 舒明蓉[3] 王丽娜[4] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院医疗质管部,成都610041 [2]成都市华西普济医院 [3]四川大学华西医院感染管理科 [4]四川大学华西公共卫生学院

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2006年第4期502-506,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解某医院抗生素应用情况,为医院抗生素的管理与监测提供依据。方法:对某医院出院病历随机分层抽取11个临床科室病历共计1565份,利用SPSS11·5统计软件分析处理数据。结果:1565份病历中有1112份使用了抗生素,使用率为70·9%,外科使用率明显高于内科,除神经内科和内分泌科外,所有科室使用率均>50%。使用的抗生素分为11大类,使用频率居前3位的依次为头孢类、青霉素类和喹诺酮类,内、外科预防用药比例均高于治疗用药比例。外科系统抗生素单用占52·2%,二联占34·3,二联及以上占13·5%;内科系统分别为65·9%、25·8%及3·9%。病原学平均送检率为5·1%,内、外科送检率差异无统计学意义:用药途径以静脉给药为主,达89·3%;围手术期用药,术前2h内用药者占13·2%,术后用药长于5d者占58·3%。该院临床抗生素使用率高于国家卫生部的抗生素使用标准,预防性用药比例过高,病原学送检率低,用药起点高等不合理用药现象。结论:临床医师应严格掌握适应证,重视病原学检查及药敏试验结果,加强抗生素的管理,进一步规范抗生素的合理应用,减少耐药菌株的产生,降低医院感染的发生。Objective. To investigate the use of antiblobics in a hospital and to apply support for it control. Methods： 1 565 medical records of 11 departments which were sampled randomly were investigate and were analysed with SPSS 11.5 statistical software. Results： The rate of antibiotics use was 70.9%, the rate of surgery use was higher than medical word use. The top three antibiotics which were used frequently were eephalosporins, penieiUins and quinolones. The rate of preventive use was higher than treatment use. 52.2% -65.9 % patients were given just one antibiotic. The pathogen test was done in 5.1% of patients. Antibiotics was given by vena for 89.3% of patient, 58.3% of patients were given for more than 5 days postoperativly. Conclusion： The rate of antibiotics use is higher than the national standard. The preventive use rate is too high. The rate of pathogen test is low. In order to reduce hospital infection that the doctor should standardize the use of antibiotics.

关 键 词：抗生素 应用 调查 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品]