康复锻炼对老年女性骨质疏松患者肺功能、胸椎后凸和体力活动的影响  

Effects of rehabilitation exercise on pulmonary function, thoracic kyphosis and physical activity in old female patients with osteoporosis

作　　者：王冉东[1] 王岩[1] 白金柱[1] 郭均[1] 王晋东[1] 柴伟[1] 张国强[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院骨科,北京市100853

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第16期34-36,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:观察8周的运动训练对老年女性骨质疏松患者肺功能、胸椎后凸和运动耐受力的影响。方法:选择2004-08/2005-01在解放军总医院就诊年龄>65岁的女性骨质疏松患者20例,进行为期8周有计划的体育锻炼,3次/周,1h/次;每次运动包括:5min的上下肢伸展运动;15min改善姿势的练习;20min的行走练习;15min改善呼吸肌张力的运动和5min的放松练习。在锻炼开始和8周后分别测量呼吸功能、胸椎后凸角度和6min行走实验,进行锻炼前后的对比。结果:8周后17例完成锻炼计划,进入结果分析。①肺功能:与锻炼前相比,最大通气量增加11%;吸(气)肌和呼(气)肌的肌力明显改善,最大吸气压力和最大呼气压力分别增加27%和22%;肺活量、最大肺活量和1秒钟用力呼气量也较锻炼前显著增加(P<0.01)。②6min内行走的最远距离:锻炼后较锻炼前显著增加[(556±43),(485±52)m,t=-15.29,P<0.01]。③胸椎后凸角度:锻炼8周后,测试者Cobb角减小了6%,从(57.2±10.6)°减少到(53.5±10.5)°(t=8.48,P<0.01)。结论:体育锻炼有助于改善老年女性骨质疏松患者肺功能和胸椎后凸,而这又有助于患者行走距离的增加,且费用低廉,易于完成。AIM： To investigate the effect of an eight-week movement training on pulmonary function, thoracic kyphosis, and tolerance to exercise in old female patients with osteoporosis. METHODS： Twenty females with osteoporosis, aged over 65 years, who were treated at the General Hospital of Chinese PLA between August 2004 and January 2005, were selected to perform 8-week designing physical training, 3 times per week, 1 hour every time. The exercise ＇included upper and lower extremity extension movement for 5 minutes, exercise for improving posture for 15 minutes, walking exercise for 20 minutes, exercise for improving tension of respiratory muscle for 15 minutes and relax exercise for 5 minutes. Respiratory function, angle of thoracic kyphosis and 6-minute walking trail were detected in the beginning of exercise and 8 weeks later, respectively. Comparison was done before and after the exercise. RESULTS： Eight weeks later, 17 cases finished the exercise program, and involved in the result analysis. ①Pulmonary function： Compared with that before exercise, the maximal ventilatory capacity （MVV） increased by 11%. The tensions of inspiratory muscle and respiratory ameliorated significantly. Maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure increased by 27% and 22%, respectively. Vital capacity, maximal vital capacity and the first second of a forced expiratory volume increased obviously （P 〈 0.01 ）. ②The farthest walking distance in 6 minutes： It increased markedly after exercise than before exercise [（556±43）, （485±52）m, t=-15.29 ,P 〈 0.01]. ③Angle of thoracic kyphosis： Eight weeks after exercise, the Cobb angle decreased 6% from （57.2±10.6）° to （53.5±10.5）° （t=8.48, P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： The physical training benefits to ameliorate the pulmonary function and thoracic kyphosis in old female patients with osteoporosis, also is helpful for increasing the walking distance, and the cost of physical training is cheap and easy to finish.

关 键 词：骨质疏松症 脊柱后凸 运动疗法 

分 类 号：R681.4[医药卫生—骨科学]