基于舱外航天服手套基础性工效评价的人体力学指标优选研究  

Study on Index Optimization of Human-mechanics Based on Basic Ergonomic Evaluation of Spacesuit Gloves.

作　　者：陈守平[1] 丁立[2] 杨锋[1] 杨春信[1] 袁修干[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京航空航天大学生物工程系,北京100083

出　　处：《航天医学与医学工程》2006年第2期106-110,共5页Space Medicine & Medical Engineering

基　　金：教育部优秀青年资助项目(舱外航天活动的计算机仿真与人机工效分析);国家青年自然科学基金(50406008)

摘　　要：目的探索科学而实用的舱外航天服手套基础性工效评价的人体力学优选指标。方法从人体力学的力量、疲劳、感知觉、活动范围和灵活性5项指标(28项测定指标)对13名青年大学生(6女7男)进行了裸手与戴手套(舱外航天手套模拟件)的手动作业工效研究,并结合人体知识运用统计学方法对5项指标的测试指标进行了优选处理。结果可用握力代表力量,以主观疲劳与行为下降代表疲劳,以内收/外展、弯曲/伸展与旋转代表活动范围,形状感知代表感知觉,拧螺母打结代表灵活性。结论本文结果可为舱外航天手套的评价和性能改善提供基础性资料,具有一定实际意义和应用价值。Objective To search for scientific and applicable human-mechanical optimum indices for basic ergonomic evaluation of spacesuit gloves. Method Thirteen undergraduates （7 male and 6 female）participated in manual performance evaluation studying with barehand and with the simulated spacesuit glove through strength,fatigue,tactile perception, range of motion（ROM） and dexterity 5 studying indices（28 testing indices）,and the 28 testing indices were optimized by using statistics and knowledge of anthroposomatology. Result ＂Grip force＂ was selected as the optimum strength test index, ＂subjective fatigue and performance fatigue＂ as the optimum fatigue test index, ＂adduction/ abduction, flexion/extension and rotation＂ as ROM test index, ＂shape perception＂ as sense-perception test index,and ＂pegboard and knot tying＂ as dexterity index. Conclusion The results can provide reference for performance evaluation of spacesuit glove ergonomics.

关 键 词：舱外航天服 手套 手动作业 工效学 优选 

分 类 号：R852.81[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]