沈阳地区对流层顶气候特征分析  

Climatic characteristics of tropopause over Shenyang

作　　者：蔡福[1] 李辑[1] 明惠青[2] 刘兵[2] 于慧波[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110016 [2]沈阳农业大学,沈阳110161 [3]辽宁省气象台,沈阳110016

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2006年第1期11-16,共6页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所课题启动项目(2005046)资助

摘　　要：对1977-1992年1，4，7，10月沈阳第一和第二对流层顶月平均高度和温度数据进行分析。结果表明：沈阳是以第一对流层顶为主的地区，第二对流层预只有夏季发生频率较高；第一对流层顶的高度、温度以及出现频率都表现出明显的季节变化特征，其中高度在1月最低，7月最高；温度在3月最低，8月最高。第二对流层顶高度的季节变化表现为冬春季高、夏秋季低。温度表现为冬季高，夏季低。第一对流层顶在各个月份温度都随高度增高而降低，降幅1月最小，7月最大，4月和10月居中。第二对流层顶温度随高度变化只在7月显著递减；第一对流层顶高度在10月显著降低，降幅为453m／10a，其他月份变化趋势不明显。第一对流层顶在7月显著降温，降幅为1．8℃／10a，10月增温显著，升幅为2．0℃／10a。第二对流层顶高度在不同月份都表现出弱升高趋势，但不显著。1月和10月的降温和升温显著，降幅和升幅分别为1．7℃／10a和1．2℃／10a。The climatic characteristics of tropopause over Shenyang were analyzed, based on data of monthly mean height and temperature of the first and the second tropopauses over Shenyang in January,April,July and October from 1977 to 1992. The results indicated that the first tropopause was primary in Shenyang, and the second tropopause only appearred in July and August. The height, temperature and frequency of the first tropopause demonstrated obviously seasonal feature. The height had the lowest value in January and the highest value in July. The lowest and the highest temperatures happened in March and August, respectively. The seasonal change trend of the height of the second tropopause showed that the high values came forth in winter and spring and the low values in summer and autumn. The high temperature came forth in winter and the low value in summer. In addition to July and August, the frequency of the first tropopause was more than that of the second tropopause in other months. The temperature of the first tropopause decreased with height, the smallest descendent extent happened in January and the biggest one in July, the mid ones in April and October. The temperature of the second tropopause distinctly decreased with the increase in height in July. Inversely, it was not obvious for the other three months. During 15 years, the height of the first tropopause presented evidently descendant trend with a ratio of 453 m/10 a in October, but did not change obviously in other months. The temperature of the first tropopause decreased distinctly in July with an extent of 1.8 ℃/10 a and increased distinctly in October with an extent of 2.0 ℃/10 a. The height of the second tropopause presented faintly ascending trend in every month. The temperatures changed obviously in January and October. The temperature decreased by 1.7 ℃/10 a in January, and increased by 1.2 ℃/10 a in October.

关 键 词：对流层顶 高度 温度 气候特征 

分 类 号：P421.31[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] V321.2[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]