非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100溶液冲洗油污土壤的试验研究  

Experimental Research on Removal of Diesel from Polluted Soil by Nonionic Surfactant-Triton X-100

作　　者：支银芳[1] 陈家军[1] 李玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第2期349-353,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40272107)

摘　　要：应用非离子表面活性剂TritonX-100溶液对柴油污染的土柱进行冲洗研究,在增溶及一次性清洗试验结果的基础上,选择冲洗浓度、冲洗流速及运行方式(连续或间歇冲洗)为影响因素,进行均匀污染土柱冲洗正交试验。结果表明,在冲洗累积有效孔隙体积数为95时,各因数最佳水平组合为冲洗浓度0.1%,冲洗流速约0.017L·h-1,间歇运行时累积冲出油量最大,这种最佳组合方式在随后的试验中得到了验证。按照所得到的各因素最佳水平组合对非均匀污染土柱进行冲洗,在冲洗累积有效孔隙体积数约为220时,去除率达到90%左右,取得了较好的处理效果。Surfactant flushing （SF） technology is a relatively new technology for removing organic liquids from the subsurface environment. This study is to explore the optimal surfactant flushing strategies based on the flow rate, flushing velocity, and concentration of surfactant required to remove diesel from soil columns. Nonionic surfactant-Triton X-100 was employed. After batch experiments （including solubility and flushing） were finished, Soil columns uniformly polluted by diesel were flushed according to orthogonal table involving three factors： surfactant concentration, flushing velocity and runnfng manners （continuous or periodic operation）. Levels of surfactant concentration were determined by the results of batch experiments and magnitudes of flushing velocity were determined by changing the elevation between water level of surfactant solution and outlet of soil column. The results showed at cumulative efficient pore volume number 95, when the factors level were surfactant concentration of 0.1%, flushing velocity of 0.017 L·h^-1 and periodic operation, the amount of cumulative removal diesel was biggest. The best factors level was confirmed by the following experiment. Soil column non-uniformly polluted by diesel was flushing with the three best factors level, and the results showed the removal efficiency was about 90% when overall efficient pore volume number was 220.

关 键 词：非离子表面活性剂 TRITON X-100 油污土壤 表面活性剂冲洗 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]