不同表面活性剂溶液冲洗油污土壤的对比试验研究  

Contrast Test on Removal of Diesel from Polluted Soil by Two Surfactants

作　　者：支银芳[1] 陈家军[1] 杨官光[1] 尉斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第2期354-358,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40272107)

摘　　要：选择不同表面活性剂浓度、冲洗流速及运行方式为影响因素,以冲洗有效孔隙体积数相同时累积冲出油量为考核目标,进行阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)和非离子表面活性剂TritonX-100冲洗油污土柱正交试验对比研究。结果表明:在同样的冲洗试验条件下,LAS的冲洗流速明显小于TritonX-100;在同样的冲洗有效孔隙体积下,LAS冲出油的总量相对较多,但冲洗所需时间相对较长;根据正交试验极差分析结果,影响LAS冲洗效果的主要因素是运行方式,影响TritonX-100冲洗效果的主要因素则是冲洗浓度。Surfactant flushing （SF） technology is a relatively new technology for removing organic liquids from the subsurface environment. The contrast test focused on removal of diesel from polluted soil columns by surfactant flushing. Anionic surfactant-LAS and nonionic surfactant-Triton X-100 were employed. Soil columns uniformly polluted by diesel were flushed according to orthogonal table involving three factors： surfactant concentration, flushing velocity and running manners（continuous or periodic operation）. Levels of surfaetant concentration were determined by the results of solubility experiments and magnitudes of flushing velocity were determined by changing the elevation between water level of surfactant solution and outlet of soil column. The results showed that at the same experimental conditions, LAS showed bigger flushing velocity than Triton X-100; LAS could removal more diesel from polluted soil column but need more time than Triton X-100 when cumulative effective void volume flushed by surfactants was same, and according to range analysis based on the results of orthogonal experiment, running manners was the key factor that determined removal of diesel by LAS, but the key factor of Triton X-100 was surfactant concentration.

关 键 词：土壤油污染 表面活性剂冲洗 正交对比试验 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]