北京市城区鼠间汉坦病毒感染的流行病学研究  

Epidemiologic Investigation on Hantaviruses Carried by Rodents in Urban District of Beijing

作　　者：江佳富[1] 吴晓明[1] 王日明[2] 徐伟才[1] 左曙青[1] 张纪军[1] 李忠麟[2] 陈立泉[2] 郭天宇[1] 曹务春[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室,北京100071 [2]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2006年第2期93-97,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金重点资助项目(7021004;06G0668)

摘　　要：目的了解北京城区中心地带鼠间汉坦病毒(HV)感染状况及其病毒型别差异。方法选取北京城区某方圆约1km两街区之内的食物资源丰富、场所隐蔽的中、小餐饮行业、蔬菜集贸市场及周边垃圾堆、卫生死角等生态环境,从2003年12月至2004年11月每月连续采用夹夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度和鼠种构成。应用间接ELISA法检测鼠血清IgG抗体;针对汉坦病毒M基因部分片段设计汉城型汉坦病毒(SEOV)特异性引物,应用RTPCR法检测宿主动物携带HV情况,阳性标本直接测序。利用Excel和SPSS软件分析宿主动物HV感染的动态特征。最后用DNASTAR软件对获得序列进行比较分析。结果共捕获啮齿动物229只,平均鼠密度6.41%(229/3570),褐家鼠和小家鼠分别为餐饮业、农贸市场生境的优势鼠种。褐家鼠血清抗体阳性率3.51%(6/171),带病毒率为0.58%(1/171);小家鼠血清抗体阳性率为6.90%(4/58),带病毒率为1.72%(1/58)。病毒检出率以11、12月最高,抗体水平冬春季(1、4月)最高,与春季人群肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行季节基本一致。2份扩增阳性标本(分别来源于小家鼠和褐家鼠)均为SEOV,差异为5.40%,系统发育分析显示他们位于2个不同的较小分支,但均位于Z37支系。结论北京城区2种主要的HV宿主在一些鼠害重点行业密度仍较高,虽然HV基础感染率不高,但持续存在,为春季人群HFRS发病高峰的重要影响因素。来自2个不同宿主的HV基因有一定的差异。小家鼠的传播作用有所加强,应予重视。Objective In order to make tracks for infectious factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS）, and to investigate hantavirus（HV） infection of rodents from urban district of Beijing. Methods We trapped the rodents in different niches in urban district monthly during 2003-2004, detected the IgG reacting sera to HV antigen using ELISA, and amplified the partial M segment of HV from captured rodent lung samples with RT-PCR and then sequenced it directly. The alignment of the nucleotide and the deduced amino acid sequences, together with phylogenetic analysis were made with DNASTAR software. Results 2 species （Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus） of 229 rodents were captured. The overall seroprevalence of HV infection was 4.37% （10/229） with R. norvegicus 3.51% （6/171） and M. musculus 6.90% （4/58） respectively. RT PCR positive rates were 0,87 % （2/229） with R. norveglcus O. 58 % （ 1/171 ） and M. musculus 1.72 % （1/58） respectively. The nucleotide sequences of 356 bp region （1958-2313） of M segment obtained from these 2 samples were all identified to SEOV, with 5.40% divergence. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that they all belonged to Z37 subgenotypes from Zhejiang province, and could be branched into 2 different subclades. Conclusion It showed SEOV were the dominant genotypes in Murinae rodents from urban district of Beijing and had the variational nature among different hosts. The HV prevalence of hosts in urban district was not high. Besides R. norvegicus, the increasing prevalence effect of M. musculus should be noticed.

关 键 词：汉坦病毒 啮齿动物 流行病学 

分 类 号：R373.9[医药卫生—病原生物学]