2004年广州市肾综合征出血热监测结果分析  

Analysis on the Surveillance of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Guangzhou in 2004

作　　者：刘远[1] 鲁恩洁[1] 熊远[1] 蒋力云[1] 罗雷[1] 何丽娟[1] 杨卫路[1] 张伟[1] 狄飚[1] 吴新伟[1] 王鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心病毒免疫科,广州510080

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2006年第2期115-117,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

摘　　要：目的分析广州市2004年肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的流行特点和趋势,为制定防制策略提供理论依据。方法收集广州地区疫情资料,描述其流行病学特征。HFRS抗体与抗原检测采用免疫荧光分析。结果广州市2004年共发生HFRS病人65例,年发病率0.59/10万,死亡率0.02/10万,病死率3.08%。病人多为青壮年男性民工和商业服务者,主要分布于海珠区和天河区等地,发病季节呈明显的春秋双峰型。鼠间疫情监测显示鼠密度为10.5%,总带病毒率为1.8%(21/1179),均为汉城型(SEO)汉坦病毒。优势种为褐家鼠,带病毒率为3.7%(18/493)。带病毒鼠的地区分布与人间疫情大致相同,时间分布较人间疫情有所提前。结论广州市HFRS疫情平稳,以散发为主,但流行因素仍广泛存在,应继续加强疫情监测,认真做好防鼠灭鼠及重点人群的疫苗接种工作。Objective By analyzing the epidemical characteristics and the trends of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Guangzhou in 2004 to provide theoretic basis for formulating the control measures. Methods Data on the incident rate was collected from the whole city to describe the epidemical characteristics of HFRS, and immunofluoresence assay （IFA） was used to detect the antibodies in HFRS patients＇ serums and the antigens in rats＇ lung tissues respectively. Results 65 patients were seropositive in 2004 （with an annual incident rate of 0.59/100 000, a mortality rate of 0.02/100 000 and a mortality rate of 3.08% percent of the patients） and most of them were young male workers and waiters. Most of the cases were distributed in Haizhu and Tianhe districts. Dominant peak was observed in spring and in autumn. Surveillance on rats demonstrated 1.8 % rats carried typeⅡ hantavirus （with a density of 10.5 % ） and the main host was Rattus norvegicus. The territorial distribution of rats with virus coincides and that of HFRS patients were similar the seasonal distribution of rats with virus was earlier than that of HFRS patients. Conclusion The incident rate of HFRS in Guangzhou in 2004 showed a stable trend, but the risk factors still widely exist. Such accordingly measures must be taken as the surveillance on patients and rats, preventing and killing rats, the injection of main populations and so on in order to decrease the incidence of HFRS.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 监测 流行病学 

分 类 号：R373.32[医药卫生—病原生物学]