大气CO_2浓度升高对森林食叶昆虫的潜在影响  

Potential effects of elevated carbon dioxide on forest leaf-feeding insects.

作　　者：王晓伟[1] 姬兰柱[1] 王桂清[1] 刘艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第4期720-726,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-SW-19);中国科学院长白山森林生态系统开放实验站基金资助项目.

摘　　要：评述了大气CO2浓度升高对森林食叶昆虫的影响,昆虫对森林取食为害水平的潜在变化,以及研究中的主要实验方法.大气CO2浓度升高通过引起叶片化学变化进而影响食叶昆虫个体的取食和生长;但物种对环境变化反应的特异性、植物化学对高浓度CO2的反应强度、昆虫对植物生理变化的敏感性和适应性、研究周期的长短、其它环境因子的协同效应以及不同实验中植物生长条件和研究方法的差异均将影响昆虫反应的方向和强度;CO2气体浓度增高本身可能不足以对食叶昆虫个体的新陈代谢构成影响;大气CO2浓度升高也可能影响森林食叶昆虫种群的大小.Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration may result in a decline of leaf nutritional quality （especially N） and an increase in some kinds of defensive secondary components such as phenolic compounds. The changes in tree phytochemistry, combined with the effects of elevated CO2 per se, have a potential impact on leaf-feeding insects. This paper reviewed the effects of elevated CO2 on the performance of leaf-feeding forest insects at individual level and community level. The elevated CO2 per se had very little influence on the metabolism of insect. Over half of the tree-insect experimental system showed that under high CO2, the performance of individual insect became poorer, while the others showed that insect had little or no response to the treatments. The direction and magnitude of the changes in insect performance could be affected by various factors, and the effects of treatments were strongly species-dependant. The magnitude of the changes in phytochemistry, the sensitivity and adaptive capacity of insect to poorer leaf quality, the differences in plant growth conditions and experimental methods, and the mediated effects of other environment factors, e. g., soil NO3^-, light, temperature, and O3, were all closely related to the final performance of insect. But, the larvae＇s consumption usually increased under enriched CO2 treatment, which was widely thought to be a compensatory response for poorer plant quality. The experiments on forest community level found identically a reduction in herbivory, which was contrary to the results from small-scale experiments. The change of insect population and the true response of consumption by leaf-feeding forest insects under CO2 enrichment environment remain unclear, and more field-based experiments need to be conducted.

关 键 词：CO2浓度升高 森林 食叶昆虫 植物化学 取食 

分 类 号：S718.7[农业科学—林学]