钻孔注入尿激酶引流颅内血肿的临床护理  

Clinical Nursing of Patients with Intracranial Hematomas Drained by Urokinase Injection Through Drilling

作　　者：周建萍[1] 张帆[1] 谭丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]仙桃市第一人民医院,湖北仙桃433000

出　　处：《中国临床神经外科杂志》2006年第4期243-245,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Neurosurgery

摘　　要：目的探讨CT定位引导下行钻孔注入尿激酶引流颅内血肿治疗高血压脑出血、外伤性脑出血的护理方法。方法对30例高血压性脑出血及外伤性脑出血患者采用钻孔注入尿激酶颅内血肿引流术,术前做好心理护理、完善各项检查,术后严密观察病情并控制血压,加强颅内压的监测和引流管的护理,保持正确体位及大小便通畅,预防并发症。结果28例患者颅内血肿术后3～7d消除,CT证实血肿消除80%～90%后拔除引流管。引流后再出血2例,开颅清除血肿后痊愈。结论高血压性脑出血及外伤性脑出血早期采用钻孔注入尿激酶颅内血肿引流术,对患者实施科学的护理可进一步保证疗效,提高抢救成功率,降低病死率,同时能有效地促进患者脑功能恢复,提高患者的生存质量。Objective To explore the technique of nursing of the patients intracranial hematomas drained by CT-guided urokinase injection through drilling. Methods Of 30 patients with intracranial hematomas, 22 underwent cerebral hemorrhage induced by hypertension and 8 intraeranial hemorrhage by craniocerebral trauma. All the patients underwent CT-guided drilling drainage of intracranial hematomas and injection of urokinase into the hematomas cavities. The good psychological nursing and perfect various examination were performed before the operation. After the operation, the nursing measures included the close observation of the patients＇ conditions, the controlling blood pressure and good care of drainage tube, keeping the proper body positions of the patients and smooth uninary and fecal discharge, and preventing the complications. Results The drainage tubes were removed after the elimination of 80%～90% of the hematomas proved by CT examination, The hematomas were eliminated from 3 to 7 days after the operation in 28 patients. The intracranial hemorrhage recurred after the drainage in 2 patients, who were cured by the evaeuatitm of hematomas. Conclusions The hematomas produced by hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage and cranioeerebral injury can be evacuated at the early stage by drainage and urokinase injection through drilling. The scientific nursing can significantly enhanee the curative effect, facilitate the cerebral function recovery and improve the prognosis of patients with intracranial hematomas.

关 键 词：颅内血肿 钻孔引流 尿激酶注入 护理 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]