太湖沉水和浮叶植被及其水环境效应研究  

Submersed and floating-leaved macrophytes in Taihu Lake and their water environmental effect

作　　者：雷泽湘[1] 徐德兰[2] 黄沛生[3] 潘宏凯[4] 王备新[5] 刘正文[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,广东广州510632 [2]徐州工程学院环境工程系,江苏徐州221008 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [4]上海立信会计学院,上海201600 [5]南京农业大学昆虫系,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《生态环境》2006年第2期239-243,共5页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重大项目(KZCX1-SW-12);国家863计划项目(2002AA60101)

摘　　要：运用GPS定位技术和常规采样方法,于2004年5月和9月对太湖沉水植物与浮叶植物的种类、群落类型、生物量及其水质状况进行了调查。结果表明:沉水植物与浮叶植物是太湖水生植被的主要类型,沉水植物群落类型主要有6个:微齿眼子菜群落;马来眼子菜群落;伊乐藻群落,穗花狐尾藻群落,金鱼藻群落,苦草群落;浮叶植物群落类型主要有3个:莕菜群落,金银莲花群落,菱群落。在春季,沉水植物占绝对优势,在夏秋季,浮叶植物则逐渐发展,尤其以莕菜生长最快。通过对有草区和无草区水质的比较,发现水生植被能显著提高水体的透明度、降低营养盐浓度和叶绿素含量,改善水质。The community structures of submersed and floating-leaved macrophytes and water environments of Taihu Lake were investigated in 2004. Results showed that two groups of aquatic plants, the submersed macrophytes and floating-leaved macrophytes, dominated the aquatic vegetation of Taihu lake. There were 6 types of submersed macrophyte communities： Ass. Potamogeton macckianus, Ass. Potamogeton malaianus, Ass. Elodea nuttalli, Ass. Myriophyllum spicatum, Ass Ceratophyllum demersum and Ass. Vallisneria natans; and there were 3 of floating-leaved macrophytes communities： Ass. Nymphoides peltatum,A ss Nymphoides indica and Ass. Trapa maximowicsil. By comparing the water quality of vegetated and un-vegetated areas, it is found that the aquatic vegetation could significantly improve water quality of lake water.

关 键 词：水生植被 群落类型 生物量 太湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X143