甘草种子带菌检测和药剂消毒处理效果研究  

Testing of seed-borne fungi of Glycyrrihiza seed and disinfection effect of several fungicides on seed-borne fungi

作　　者：淡红梅[1] 李静[2] 李先恩[1] 李健强[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国协和医科大学中国医学科学院药用植物研究所,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2006年第7期542-546,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2001BA701A59)

摘　　要：目的：研究不同产地的甘草种子寄藏真菌优势菌群和带菌量差异,比较不同药剂处理甘草种子的消毒效果,为甘草种子预防保健处理提供依据.方法：采用离体平皿法对甘草种子表面和内部进行带菌检测;通过平皿培养法观察药剂拌种的消毒效果.结果与结论：甘草种子表面的孢子负荷量（孢子数/粒种子）为0.3%～37.0%,产地间差异显著;携带的优势真菌群主要为青霉属Penicillium spp.、曲霉属Aspergillus spp.真菌,产地间差异不显著,但分离频率差异显著;种子种皮带菌率在8.0%～48.3%,种仁的带菌率在3.5%～42.0%,内部寄藏的优势菌群主要有青霉属、根霉属Rhizopus spp.、曲霉属和交链孢属真菌,产地间带菌率和优势菌群都有较大差异;福美双和代森锰锌的表面消毒效果最好,达到89.0%以上,建议选择其作为甘草种子药剂消毒处理实现预防保健的药剂.Objective： To study the dominant seed-borne fungi of Glycyrrihiza seeds which were from different producing area and compare the disinfection effect of several fungicides on seed-borne fungi of Glycyrrihiza seed. Method： Petri-dish testing was used to determine the external and internal seed-borne fungi and the disinfection effect of fungicides. Result and Conclusion： The result showed that the amount of spore on the surface of one Glycyrrihiza seed varied from 0.3% to 37.0% among samples. Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus app. were the two major dominant fungi and there was few differences in the type of the fungi among producing areas but differences in the isolation frequency of the furgi; Penicillium spp. , Rhiwpus spp. , Aspergillus spp. and Altemaria spp. were the internally dominant seed-borne fungi, including seed capsule and the internal tissue of seed and their fungi-carrying percentage was 8.0%-48.3% and 3.5%-42.0% respectively. There were differences in fungi percentage and dominant seed borne fungi among different producing areas. The disinfection effect of both mancozeb and thriam was up to 89.0%, so it is suggested to use them to disinfect Glycyrrihiza seed.

关 键 词：甘草种子 寄藏真菌检测 药剂消毒 

分 类 号：S567.71[农业科学—中草药栽培]