甜菜无融合生殖单体附加系M14雌配子体的发生与发育  

Megasporogenesis and Development of Female Gametophyte in the Apomictic Monosomic Addition Line M14 of Beta corolliflora in Sugar Beet

作　　者：申业[1] 申家恒[2] 郭德栋[1] 方晓华[3] 刘丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生命科学学院生物工程系,哈尔滨150080 [2]哈尔滨师范大学生命与环境科学学院生物系,哈尔滨150080 [3]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2006年第2期106-112,共7页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：黑龙江省基金委员会资助项目(C9908);国家863计划资助项目(J99-A-01-4);国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470114)

摘　　要：利用常规石蜡制片法,对甜菜单体附加系M14(Beta vulgarisL.VV+1C、2n=18+1)雌配子体的发生与发育进行了研究,结果表明:二倍体孢子生殖雌配子体为韭型(Allium odorum-type)和蝶须型(Antennaria-type),有性生殖雌配子体为蓼型(Polygonum-type)。韭型和蝶须型的大孢子母细胞发育成为二倍体雌配子体,蓼型大孢子母细胞形成单倍体的雌配子体。在二倍体孢子生殖雌配子体发育过程中,出现发育迟缓,胚囊败育等情况,正常发育的雌配子体只有25%。讨论了二倍体孢子生殖雌配子体发生与发育特点。The megasporogenesis and development of female gametophyte were studied by paraffin sections in line M14,a chromosome 9 monosomic addition line of Beta coroUiflora Zoss. in sugar beet, in which revealed that the egg cell could been produced through diplospory or sexuality. The results are as follows：sexuality is of Polygonum-type, and diplospory is of two types, AUium odorum-type and Antennatia-type in M14. The megasporocyte of AUium odorum-type and Antennatia-type turn into a mature diplosporous female gametophyte. The Megasporocyte Polygonum-type turns into a mature monoplontic female gametophyte. Compared with the sexual female gametophyte,bradygenesis and abortion can be frequently observed during the development of diplosporous female gametophyte. Only 25% of them are normal. The characteristic of diplosporous reproduction is discussed.

关 键 词：甜菜单体附加系(VV+1C、2n=18+1) 兼性无融合生殖 雌配子体 韭型(Alliumodorum-type) 蝶须型(Antennaria-type) 蓼型(Polygonum-type) 

分 类 号：Q944.4[生物学—植物学] S566.3[农业科学—作物学]