南水北调西线引水区与黄河上游降水过程的水汽特征分析  

Analysis of Water Vapor Characteristics of the Precipitation in the South to North Water Transfer Areas

作　　者：文莉娟[1] 吕世华[1] 韦志刚[1] 李锁锁[1] 李振朝[1] 高治定[2] 慕平[2] 雷鸣[2] 宋伟华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [2]黄河水利委员会勘测规划设计有限公司,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2006年第2期157-163,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：科技部"西部开发科技行动"重大项目(2004BA901A16);黄河水利委员会委托项目"南水北调西线第一期工程引水区与黄河上游丰枯水年气象成因条件分析"资助

摘　　要：利用NCEP再分析资料，分析了南水北调西线引水地区和黄河上游的可降水量、水汽通量、水汽通量散度和该区域的流场．结果表明：在5～9月间，该地区可降水量7月最大，其次为8月、6月、9月，最小为5月；水汽通量主要从南边界获得，北边界存在较稳定的强度不大的净收入，西边界不太稳定，会出现负收入．研究区域上空600hPa水汽通量主要为辐合，风场散度对水汽通量散度的贡献最大；向研究区域输送的水汽在低层既有直接从孟加拉湾输入，又有从盂加拉湾经中南半岛北部绕过来的，而高层则基本从孟加拉湾直接输入．Using the NCEP reanalysis data, the precipitable water, vapor flux, divergence of vapor flux and stream fields in the South to North Water Transfer areas of western China were analyzed. The results showed that from May to September, the maximum precipitable water was in July, followed by August, and then by June and September. The vapor flux inpoured into the studied area mostly from the south boundary, from the north boundary steadily and weakly and from the west boundary irregularly. Sometimes, there was outflow. The vapor flux at 600 hPa was almost converged, which was mainly caused by the convergence of wind. At the lower levels vapor came directly and indirectly from the Bay of Bengal. At the higher levels it mainly came directly from the Bay of Bengal.

关 键 词：水汽 水汽通量 水汽通量散度 降水过程 南水北调西线工程 

分 类 号：P426.614[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]