加强塔里木河阿拉尔生态系统综合监测  

Strengthen Monitoring on Aral Ecosystem in Tarim River

作　　者：王顺德[1] 曹晓莉[1] 王彦国[1] 严宇红[2] 张学荣[3] 沈永平[4] 毛炜峄[5] 

机构地区：[1]阿克苏水文水资源勘测局,新疆阿克苏843000 [2]新疆水文水资源局,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [3]阿克苏地区水利局,新疆阿克苏843000 [4]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [5]新疆气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2006年第2期276-282,共7页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：科技部社会公益研究专项"塔里木河流域气候暖湿化及人类活动对地表水资源的影响";国家自然科学基金项目(40371022)资助

摘　　要：塔里木河流域是我国最大的内陆河流域,流域总面积102×104km2,水资源总量为429×108m3,水资源相对贫乏,生态环境十分脆弱.阿拉尔生态系统监测站位于阿克苏河、叶尔羌河、和田河三河和塔里木河交汇处的肖夹克,是平原区重要区域代表站,其生态环境直接关系着塔里木河干流上、中、下游生态和环境安全.查阅模清该区域的生态环境的基本特点、变化规律和演变趋势,对指导塔里木河综合治理,以及当地社会经济和谐发展极其重要.该站始建于1996年7月,监测项目有水文气象;地下水动态;乔、灌、草;土壤、水盐;沙漠化动态5类监测项目.野外监测设施有河道水文断面、气象观测场、第一监测剖面(长22 km).除水文气象监测项目在综合系统监测站附近外,其余4个监测项目均在第一剖面进行.Tarim River is the largest inland basin with a total area of 102 ×10^4 km^2 located in the arid zone of Northwest China. Total water resource is 429× 10^8m^3 in Tarim River basin, with relatively scarce water and very weak ecological environment. The three tributary river systems （Aksu, Hotan and Yarkant） that contribute flows to the Tarim River join just above the Aler gauging station where the Tarim River begins. Aral Ecosystem Monitor Station is located at Xiaojiake Aral Hydrological Gauging Station where is the meeting of Aksu, Yarkant, Hotan and Tarim River, and is an important representative regional station in the Tarim river plain. The hydrological regimes and ecological environment of Aral area control to river health of the upper, the middle and the lower reaches of Tarim River. Monitoring Aral ecosystem will help for integrated water resources planning and unified management, regulation to change and the evolvement of the ecological environment, and for development of local society economy. This station was set up in July of 1996, the monitoring items including hydrometeorology, groundwater table, tree, shrub, grass, soil, water, saline and desertification. The field monitor facilities include the river hydrology cross section and meteorological observation field. The first monitor sector is 22 km long. In addition to hydrological and meteorological monitoring items are installed in the ecosystem monitor station, and others are carried on the first monitor sector.

关 键 词：塔里木河 生态监测 必要性 紧迫性 

分 类 号：P336[天文地球—水文科学]