沥青油毡屋面降雨径流污染物浓度历时变化研究  

Research on variations of asphalt felt roof runoff pollutant concentrations during the rainfall

作　　者：任玉芬[1] 王效科[1] 欧阳志云[1] 苗鸿[1] 郑华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心系统生态国家重点实验室

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2006年第4期601-606,共6页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(NO.KZCX3-SW-424);国家"十五"重大科技攻关项目(NO.2002AA601022)~~

摘　　要：城市面源污染是我国水环境质量恶化的重要原因之一.屋面是城市下垫面的主要组成部分,因而屋面暴雨径流污染成为城市面源污染的重要来源.以北京市典型的文教区为例,在2004年对沥青油毡屋面径流水质进行了为期4个月的监测,指标包括pH、SS、COD、TN、TP、BOD5及Cu、Cr、Zn、Cd和Pb等重金属.监测结果表明,屋面径流水质污染比较严重,COD、TN和BOD5均值一般都超过地表水环境质量Ⅴ级标准;屋面初期径流污染物浓度大,随着降雨历时的延长,COD、TN、TP、BOD5及SS的浓度大幅度下降;污染物的起始浓度以及浓度达到稳定所需的时间随雨前晴天数的不同而有较大变化.屋面暴雨径流中的重金属浓度在整个降雨过程中均较低,而且随降雨历时的延长,其浓度变化较小.Diffuse pollution is one of the important sources that cause the deterioration of water quality in city. Roof runoff is an important source of the diffuse pollution; therefore roof runoff pollution becomes the significant source of urban diffuse pollution. Four months asphalt felt roof runoff quality monitoring was carried during 2004 in Beijing＇s typical educational district, where indices included pH, suspended solids （SS） , chemical oxygen demand （COD） , total nitrogen （ TN ） , total phosphorus （TP） , biochemical oxygen demand （ BOD5 ） , and heavy metals. The results showed that roof runoff was heavily polluted, and the average concentrations of COD,TN and BOD5 all exceeded the fifth level of the environmental quality standards for China. Concentrations of pollutants in initial flush were very high, but they descended sharply after a period of flushing. The initial concentrations of pollutants varied with different dry days before rain, as well as the time it took to reach the stable value. Heavy metal contents were all very low and they didn＇t change much all through the rainfall event.

关 键 词：沥青油毡 屋面径流 径流水质 雨前晴天数 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]