递增负荷运动大鼠下丘脑-垂体超微结构变化及其恢复过程观察  

Changes of ultrastructure of hypothalamus and pituitary in rats during progressive increasing load volume training and recovery courses

作　　者：郑陆[1] 隋波[2] 潘力平[2] 王娟[2] 高丽[2] 李晔[2] 沈东颖[2] 林晓光[2] 段平[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京10088 [2]山东体育学院,山东济南250063

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2006年第1期57-62,共6页Journal of Shandong Sport University

摘　　要：对递增负荷运动及恢复不同阶段大鼠下丘脑及垂体组织细胞的超微结构进行了透射电镜观察,发现在长期递增负荷运动训练过程中,大鼠下丘脑弓状核神经元出现渐进性的细胞器变性、轴突髓鞘分离、突触小泡及微管微丝减少、树突棘减少等异常变化,垂体促性腺细胞及生长激素细胞出现渐进性的细胞器变性及核膜异常,溶酶体增多等,而ACTH细胞形态结构变化较小,与同期测定的较低FSH、LH水平和较高CRH及GC水平具有一致性。结果表明,长期训练可致大鼠脑组织神经元间的相互联系减弱,促性腺激素释放激素的合成及分泌均受到抑制。这种变化与训练周期的增长及运动负荷的增大具有显著递进关系。而经过4个动情周期的恢复,结构逐渐复原,为一可逆性变化过程。The aims of this experiment were to elucidate the potential mechanisms of effects of structure changes on functions in rats＇ hypothalamus and pituitary during prngressive increasing training load and recovery courses. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the tissue ultrastructure. The major results＇were： Gradually, organelles denaturalized, myelin sheath of axons separated, synapse vesicles, microtubule, microneme, and dendritic spine reduced in the neurons of areuate hypothalamic nucleus in rats during training courses. Organelles denaturalized and nuclear membrane was abnormal, lysosomes increased in gonadotroph（Gn） and somatotroph （GH）cells, but ultrastructure less changed in corticotroph（ACTH）cells in pituitary. These ultrastructure changes were consistent in lower gonadotrophin, and higher CRH and GC levels in the same phase. These results suggested that connections of neurons weakened, GnRH synthesizing and secreting were disturbed in hypothalamus and pituitary during long - term training, and this changes related to training period and training load volume. The structure changes were progressively recovered after 4 estrous cycles rest.

关 键 词：下丘脑 垂体 超微结构 递增负荷运动 恢复 

分 类 号：G804[文化科学—运动人体科学]