一宗大型建筑工地流行性脑脊髓膜炎爆发的调查与控制  

Investigation and Controlling of an Outbreak of Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis in a Large Construction Site

作　　者：王玉林[1] 周端华[1] 周秀珍[1] 陈小霜[1] 蔡衍珊[1] 邓志爱[1] 张欣强[1] 秦鹏哲[1] 刘维斯[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2006年第1期47-49,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：目的了解大型建筑工地流动人群中流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)爆发的特点,评价防制措施的效果。方法采用现场流行病学、血清学调查的方法。结果疫点外来民工罹患率为80/10万;接触者预防服药率87.0%,服药后带菌率下降了82.9%;应急接种率为84.8%,接种前民工流脑抗体阳性率为21.9%,接种后抗体阳性率达87.5%;预防服药和预防接种过敏反应发生率为0.08%,未出现严重的异常反应。结论保证规则预防服药和有效的预防接种是防制流动人群中流脑爆发的关键措施。Objective To find out the characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis outbreak among floating population in construction sites and to evaluate the effect of control measures. Methods Field epidemiology and serologic investigation methods were used. Results The attack rate among the construction workers was 80/105. All patients were floating population. 87 % of the close contacts had taken preventive medicine and bacteria-carrier rate dropped 82.90% . Emergency immunization rate was 85 % . Antibody positive rate after emergency immunization was 87.50% . The rate of adverse events following immunization was 0.08% . No severe adverse events occurred following immunization. Conclusion Adherence to regular preventive medication and implementation of effective vaccination are key measures for controlling outbreaks of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis among floating population.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜炎 流动人口 爆发 应急接种 控制措施 

分 类 号：R515.2[医药卫生—内科学]