家犬马尾及其受压模型的建立  

Production of cauda equina compression models of canines

作　　者：李浩鹏[1] 贺西京[1] 王栋[1] 徐思越[1] 吕惠茹[1] 王展[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第二医院骨二科,陕西西安710004

出　　处：《中国骨伤》2006年第3期168-169,共2页China Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:30271310)

摘　　要：目的：观察家犬腰骶部神经结构与人类马尾的异同点，建立与人类马尾受压类似的动物模型，研究其病理变化。方法：废弃家犬4只经颈静脉加压灌注后，自后侧入路剖开腰骶椎管，测量椎管的直径及硬膜外间隙，观察马尾神经的组成及走行。2只家犬麻醉后自L6椎板潜行置入水囊，关闭注水，用诱发电位和MR检测。结果：犬的腰椎共有7节，椎管在L6水平横径为1．4～1．6cm，前后径1．2～1．4cm，硬膜外间隙约0．2cm，共计5对神经根围绕在终丝斜向外下形成马尾。脊髓圆锥下端平L6水平。在L5．6椎板下，硬膜外间隙置入硅胶水囊后，在未注水加压时，犬的行为学及诱发电位均无改变；逐渐注水后随着压力的上升，行为学及诱发电位均有相应的改变。MR可以显示相对应的水囊所占椎管的容积。结论：家犬马尾与人类的相似，硅胶水囊置入和注水法，重复性好，动物生存率高，可以成功建立马尾慢性压迫模型。Objective：To study the similarities and differences of the lurnbosacral anatomic structure between canine and human, and to produce cauda equina compression models which are similar to human, so as to study pathological changes of cauda equina. Methods：Formaldehydum polymerisatum solution with the concentration of 4 % was enhancing perfused into cervical veins of 4 disused canines, and the lumbosacral vertebral canal was opened from posterior approach to measure the diameter of vertebral canal and epidural space, also observed conformation and courser of cauda equina. A water sac was induced under the lamina of L6 in 2 canines respectively after being anesthetized. The ethological, electrophysiological and morphological changes were observed. Results： In the present study, the canine had 7 lumbar vertebrae. At the level of L6, the transverse diameter of vertebral canal ranged from 1.4 to 1.6 cm and the occipitofrontal diameter from 1.2 to 1.4 cm. The width of epidural space was about 0.2 cm. There were 5 couples of nerve roots toward inferolateral in all around the filum terminale which formed the cauda equina. The bottom of medullary cone was at the level of L6. The canine＇ s behavior and EP didn＇ t change when the water sacs, which were laid in the epidural space under the lamina of 14,6 ,were empty. As the water was perfused into the sac more and more, the pressure in the sac increased gradually and the canine＇s behavior and EP changed. MR showed the volume of water sacs occupying the vertebral canal. Conclusion：The Canine＇s cauda equina is similar to human＇ s. The method, that laying water sacs in the epidural space under the lamina of L5.6 and filling them with water gradually to build the model of chronic compression of the cauda equina, has following advantages： well repeatable operation, high canine survival rate,success to build chronic compression models of cauda equina.

关 键 词：马尾 解剖 马尾受压综合征 动物 试验 

分 类 号：R681.53[医药卫生—骨科学] R512.99[医药卫生—外科学]