影响反相微乳液导电性能的因素  

Studies on the Conductivity of Reverse Microemulsion

作　　者：彭春玉[1] 周海晖[1] 曾伟[1] 焦树强[1] 罗胜联[1] 旷亚非[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学化学化工学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2006年第4期409-413,共5页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：湖南省科学技术项目(05JT1026)资助

摘　　要：分别以聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(TritonX-100)或十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,与正己烷、正己醇和水构成反相微乳液.研究了水相H+浓度、表面活性剂、助表面活性剂等对微乳液导电性能的影响.结果表明,增加水相H+浓度可大幅度提高反相微乳液的导电能力,当H+浓度由1.0mol·L-1增加到10mol·L-1时,微乳液的电导率可提高1￣2个数量级.当水相H+浓度为10mol·L-1时,微乳液的电导率随溶水量的增大而增大,水油体积比为3∶10时,两种体系的电导率均达到3200μS·cm-1.TritonX-100浓度对微乳液的电导率影响较大,电导率随其浓度增加而增大;而CTAB浓度对微乳液电导率的影响较小,电导率随其浓度增加略有减小;助表面活性剂正己醇使非离子型反相微乳液的电导率下降,而使阳离子型反相微乳液的电导率先增大,然后减小,呈骆峰状变化.Surfactant p-octyl polyethylene glycol phenyl ether (Triton X-100) or cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was mixed with n-hexane, n-hexanol, and water for preparing reverse microemulsion. The effects of H+ concentration in water phase, concentrations of surfactant and cosurfactant on the microemulsion conductivity were studied. The results demonstrated that increasing H+ concentration in water phase enhanced the conductivity of reverse microemulsion greatly. The conductivity of microemulsion could be increased by 1 similar to 2 orders of magnitude as the H+ concentration increased from 1 mol . L-1 to 10 mol . L-1. When the H+ concentration of water phase was 10 mol . L-1, the conductivity of microemulsion enhanced as the water volume increased. The conductivity of these microemulsion increased to about 3200 mu S . cm(-1) when the volume ratio of water to oil was 3:1.0. The conductivity of microemulsion was enhanced as the Triton X-100 concentration increased, while it decreased with the increase of the CTAB concentration. The conductivity of non-ionic microemulsion decreased with the increase of cosurfactant concentration, while the conductivity of ionic microemulsion showed a camel shape change with the cosurfactant concentration.

关 键 词：反相微乳液 电导率 H+浓度 表面活性剂 助表面活性剂 温度 

分 类 号：O648.2[理学—物理化学]