3S技术在湿地研究中的应用  

Application of 3S Technology to Wetland Researches

作　　者：潘辉[1] 罗彩莲[1] 谭芳林[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院生态环境研究所,福建福州350012

出　　处：《湿地科学》2006年第1期75-80,共6页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家林业局948项目(2005-4-07)资助。

摘　　要：湿地具有多种生态功能和经济与社会价值,是人类赖以生存和发展的自然资源宝库与生存环境。湿地研究已受到国际社会的高度重视,成为国际生态学与环境科学研究的热点问题之一。3S技术的发展为湿地研究提供了新的方法和强有力的技术支持。主要论述了3S技术在湿地资源调查、湿地动态变化监测、湿地景观变化分析、湿地制图、湿地资源管理等方面的应用概况;在此基础上概要论述了3S技术在湿地研究应用中存在的主要问题和解决方案;最后论述了3S技术在湿地研究应用中的发展前景。提出应加大3S技术集成的深度,加强3S技术在湿地生物多样性、湿地环境效益、湿地边界确定及湿地资源管理等研究中的应用,把对湿地资源信息的分析和处理提高到研究湿地空间的规划和决策层面上,为管理和合理利用湿地资源指引方向。Wetland is a special ecosystem between land and water. It can provide massive foods, raw material, water resources and habitat for human being, animals and plants. Wetlands are so important that wetlands＇ development, management and protection have become the focus of public attention. The technology of Remote Sensing （RS）, Navigation Satellite Timing And Ranging Global Position System （GPS） and Geographic Information System（GIS） can support to carry out wetlands＇ studies and to establish platform of wetland management. So 3S （RS, GPS and GIS） technology has been applied widely to many aspects of wetland researches, such as investigation of wetland resources, dynamic monitoring of change of wetland landscape pattern and resources and so on. Here we mainly give the summary of application of 3S technology to wetland researches on six aspects. First, during the process of survey of wetland resources, the data of various kinds of wetland resources can be obtained from RS images. By the image data, the around environment and interior structure of wetlands could be understanding. The high accuracy localization ability of GPS may provide RS and GIS accurate wetland localization data. GIS technology with its formidable spatial analysis and data management functions carries on the spatial analysis and attribute data management for RS and the GPS data. Second, 3S technology is used to monitor dynamic changes of wetlands, including images processing, field validation and amendment of wetland thematic map. Third, 3S technology has rapidly become important technology for analysis of landscape change of wetland since 1980s, which enormously promoted the development of landscape quantitative investigation provide data base for each kind of landscape pattern. The steps of analysis of wetland landscape are to choose the RS images as the basic data ; then, to use RS soft wares to do classification and gain each kind of landscape thematic map ; next, to calculate each landscapes＇ parameter, area, perimeter and

关 键 词：3S技术 湿地研究 应用 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P941.78[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]