几种花叶线艺兰叶片色斑色素组成和叶绿体超微结构研究  

Pigment Composition and Ultrastructural Difference of Chloroplast in Three Kinds of Variegation Leaf of Cymbidium sinense

作　　者：范燕萍[1] 李慧玲[1] 李浩健[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2006年第2期8-12,共5页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(04300480);广东省科技计划项目(2003A2010401)

摘　　要：以墨兰Cym bidium sinense3个花叶线艺兰品种金嘴、阳明锦和大石门为材料,分析了叶片色斑区叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的质量分数,对其解剖结构和叶绿体超微结构进行了观察,并同叶片正常绿色区进行了比较.结果表明:线艺兰叶斑的形成与叶绿素和类胡萝卜素的质量分数有直接的关系,叶片绿色区金嘴、阳明锦和大石门叶绿素质量分数分别为1.680、1.279和1.584 mg.g-1,类胡萝卜素质量分数分别为0.185、0.159和0.195 mg.g-1,绿色区金嘴、阳明锦和大石门类胡萝卜素与叶绿素质量分数的比值分别为0.110、0.124和0.123;而在叶片黄色区,金嘴、阳明锦和大石门叶绿素质量分数分别为0.693、0.465和0.540 mg.g-1,类胡萝卜素的质量分数分别为0.145、0.136和0.164 mg.g-1,类胡萝卜素与叶绿素质量分数的比值分别为0.209、0.292和0.304.即黄色区类胡萝卜素相对质量分数较高.绿色区和黄色区的叶绿素a与b比值变化不大,但在3个品种中都以绿色区稍高.在叶片绿色部分的细胞中,可以明显看到较多的叶绿体,叶绿体中基粒较发达,类囊体膜垛叠较紧密,有较多较大的淀粉粒;而在叶片黄斑部分的细胞中,基本上看不到完整叶绿体,淀粉粒逐渐消失,基质中存在很多嗜锇滴.The varieties used in this research were Cymbidium sinense cv. Jin-zui ,Cymbidium sinense cv. Yang-ming-jin, Cymbidium sinense cv. Da-shi-men. The differences between the green area and yellow area in pigment composition and ultrastructure of chloroplast were significant. In the green area of Jinzui, Yang-ming-jin and Da-shi-men the mass fraction of chlorophyll were 1. 680, 1. 279 and 1. 584 -1 -1 mg·g^-1 and the mass fraction of carotenoid were 0. 185,0. 159 and 0. 195 mg·g^-1 respectively, the ratios of mass fraction of carotenoid to chlorophyll were 0. 110,0. 124 and 0. 123;In the yellow area the mass fraction of chlorophyll were 0. 693 ,0. 465 and 0. 540 mg·g^-1 ,the mass fraction of carotenoid were 0. 145,0. 136 and 0. 164 mg·g^-1, the ratios mass fraction of carotenoid to chlorophyll were 0. 209, 0. 292 and 0. 304. Compared with the green area, there were low mass fraction of chlorophyll, high ratio of carotenoid to chlorophyll mass fraction in the yellow area. The differences in the ratio of chlorophyll a to b between green and yellow area in three cultivars were not significant. In the green area, there were more chloroplasts, the grana in the chloroplast were well developed, thylakoid compactly stacked, and numerous big starch grains were found to occur in the stroma, but in the yellow area there were less chloroplasts, the grana in the chloroplast were disintegrated, the starch grains disappeared and more osmiophilic droplets appeared in the stroma.

关 键 词：线艺兰 色素 叶绿体 超微结构 墨兰 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]