基于卫星的水资源监测预报技术应用与研究  

Research and Application of Satellite-Based Technology of Water Resources Monitoring and Forecasting

作　　者：赵卫民[1] 谷源泽[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100019 [2]水利部黄河水利委员会水文局,河南郑州450004

出　　处：《水文》2006年第2期26-29,共4页Journal of China Hydrology

摘　　要：基于卫星遥感的降水监测的基本方法是建立云顶温度与象素点降水的统计相关关系,同时利用卫星信息在地面雨量站点间进行雨量插值。基于气象卫星的实际蒸散发计算通过定标、大气订正、空气温度、总辐射、净辐射、显热通量等步骤计算。降雪处理的依据是降雨和地表温度。融雪计算的基础是能量平衡,融雪发生时刻用雪盖的寒冷度估算。决定土壤冻结的因素能量平衡和温度。土壤冻结逆方程可用于确定土壤解冻的深度。坡面径流以用二维扩散过程模拟。河道部分以有侧向入流的Muskingum-Cunge方法为基础。Satellite based technology precipitation monitoring is to build the relationship between the temperature of the cloud head and the precipitation of a pixel and use the satellite cloud information to interpolate rainfall between the surface rain gauges. The calculation of actual evapotranspiration includes following steps： calibration, air temperature mapping, atmospheric correction, calculation of net radiation, calculation of the sensible heat flux, determination of the actual evapotranspiration. Snowfall, snow thaw, soil freeze and soil melt are dealt with based on energy balance and the temperature. The runoff over the slope is simulated by two dimension diffusing process and flow routing in river channel by Muskingum-Cunge method with lateral inflow.

关 键 词：卫星遥感 水资源预测 预报技术 应用 

分 类 号：P338.9[天文地球—水文科学]