间充质干细胞体内成骨的实验研究  

Study of the osteogenic ability of mesenchymal stem cells in vivo

作　　者：李章华[1] 彭昊[1] 廖文[2] 张玉富[3] 赵强[4] 王常勇[4] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学人民医院骨外科,武汉430060 [2]天津市天津医院创伤骨科,天津300211 [3]北京大学医学部积水潭医院,北京100035 [4]军事医学科学院基础医学研究所组织工程中心,北京100850

出　　处：《中国矫形外科杂志》2006年第9期680-682,689,i0001,共5页Orthopedic Journal of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(No.2001AA216031);北京市"248"工程重大创新资助项目(No.H010210190123);北京市科技计划重大资助项目(No.H02090050031)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨间充质干细胞在体内的成骨能力。[方法]从羊髂嵴处抽取10～15ml骨髓组织，用Pereoll分离液按梯度离心法分离出间充质干细胞，培养、增殖后种植在多孔β-磷酸三钙上，构建组织工程化骨，植入8只羊的左后肢跖骨缺损区（长21mm）作为实验组；单纯植入多孔β-磷酸三钙陶瓷材料的8只羊作为对照组；分别在术后6、12、24周处死动物行放射学、组织学和生物力学检测。[结果]放射学和组织学检测，术后6周实验组即可见有新骨生成，对照组则无明显新骨生成；骨缺损部位新生骨样组织、编织骨和板状骨出现的时间实验组也都较对照组早，并且不经软骨介导即能直接成骨，而对照组从两端以“爬行替代”方式成骨。术后24周，放射学和生物力学检测显示实验组骨缺损几乎完全修复，对照组只有部分愈合。[结论]间充质干细胞不仅在体外具有良好的增殖能力，回植人体内后仍然具有良好的成骨能力，不需经过软骨过程就能直接形成新骨，显示了间充质干细胞作为骨组织工程种子细胞良好的应用前景。[ Objective ] To investigate the osteogenic ability in vivo of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs）. [ Method ] Ten-fifteen ml bone marrow aspirates were harvested from the iliac crest of sheep and enriched for MSCs by density gradient centrifugation over a Percoll cushion （1. 073 g/ml）. After cultured and proliferated, the tissue-engineered bones were constructed with these cells and seeded onto porous 13-tricalcium phosphate ceramics （13-TCP）. Then, the constructs were implanted into left metatarsus defect （21 mm in length） of 8 sheep as an experimental group. Porous β-TCP composed with bone marrow was implanted into defects of same size and position in 8 sheep as a control group. Sheep were sacrificed in the 6th, 12th, and 24th week postoperatively, and the implanted samples were examined by radiograph, histology, and biomechanical analysis. [ Resuit] New bone tissue was observed either radiographically or histologically at the defect area of experimental group as early as the 6th week postoperatively; but was not observed in the control group. Because of the new bone formed in a direct manner without progression through a cartilaginous process intermediately, osteoid tissue, woven bone and lamellar bone, occurred earlier in the experimental group than in the control group, in which the bone defects were repaired in a ＂creep substitution＂ manner. At the 24th week, radiographs and biomechanical tests revealed an almost complete repair of the defect in experimental group, but only a partial repair in the control group. [ Conclusion ] MSCs have good reproductive activity not only in vitro, but also in vivo. The new bone formed in a direct manner without progression through a cartilaginous process intermediately when MSCs were transplanted in vivo. The results demonstrated that MSCs was an excellent seed cells for bone tissue engineering.

关 键 词：组织工程化骨 骨缺损 新生骨 间充质干细胞 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]