实验性高脂血症家兔心脏主动脉、血管和内脏器官的病理变化  

Pathological changes of cardiac arteriae aorta, vessel and internal organs of rabbits with experimental hyperlipemia

作　　者：王桂华[1] 严蕊琳[2] 吕仕才[1] 王祖武[3] 

机构地区：[1]嘉兴学院附属第二医院病理科,浙江省嘉兴市314000 [2]嘉兴学院医学院,浙江省嘉兴市314000 [3]杭州师范学院医学院,浙江省杭州市310036

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第20期116-117,共2页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:在实验动物饲料中加入胆固醇复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,观察高脂血症对全身脏器造成的损害。方法:选择健康日本大耳白兔50只,所有动物用添加1g胆固醇的饲料喂养,1个月后每天添加0.5g,共喂2.5个月,复制家兔动脉粥样硬化模型,分别于实验前与实验结束时进行血脂含量测定,血脂测定后将全部动物耳静脉空气栓塞处死。取心、肺、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺,立即固定于40g/L甲醛液中。对每例主动脉有代表的病变取材。整个心脏取得3个水平切面。肺、肝、脾、肾、肾上腺均作非选择性取材,每个脏器取2块。上述组织块全部用石蜡包埋、常规切片,除苏木精-伊红染色外,主动脉及心脏标本做PAS染色、Alcianblue染色,Van-Geison染色、Weigert弹力纤维染色,光镜观察,取3例主动脉标本做透射电镜观察。结果:纳入实验大耳白兔50只,实验过程中死亡12只,进入结果分析38只。①实验前与高胆固醇饲料喂养前后血脂含量测定结果:高胆固醇饲料喂养后所有大耳白兔三酰甘油及血浆胆固醇含量明显高于实验前眼(183.26±13.4,42.24±20.3)mmol/L,(1043.60±541.4,98.7±35.2)mmol/L熏穴P均<0.01雪演。②实验后所有动物主动脉、心血管及其他脏器的病变:光镜观察结果显示,实验后大耳白兔主动脉内膜下有呈线状、斑块状脂质浸润。病变以主动脉弓最重,大致上越往下越轻,电镜下平滑肌细胞内出现大小不等的空泡;心外冠状动脉眼观和镜下病变轻微,大多数动物出现间质性肺炎,少数有急性肺水肿。肺内血管未发现有动脉粥样硬化改变;肝细胞脂肪变性;全部大耳白兔在脾窦中见巨噬细胞增生,肾上腺肿大明显,血窦闭锁,常见散在性点状坏死。结论:高脂血症使血脂含量升高,使主动脉和冠状动脉发生病变,造成心、肝、脾、肾上腺等的病变。AIM： Cholesterol was added into feed to reproduce artherosclerosis models of rabbits. To observe damage of hyperlipoidemia in internal organs. METHODS： Fifty healthy flap-eared Japanese white rabbits were given with feed added with 1g cholesterol, one month later adding 0.5 g per day for 2.5 months to reproduce artherosclerosis models of rabbits. Content of lipid fat was assessed before experiment and at the end of experiment, respectively. All the animals were killed by aeroembolism in ear vein. Heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney and adrenal gland were got, and then fixed in 40 g/L formalin. Materials were drawn from each representative arteriae aorta. Three horizontal sections were applied in the whole heart. Lung, liver, spleen, kidney and adrenal gland were as non-selective materials, 2 blocks from each organ. Above-mentioned organs were all packed with paraffin, routine section. Except haematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining, artefiae aorta and heart preparation were treated with PAS staining, Alcian blue staining, Van-Geison staining, Weigert elastic fibers staining, and observed under light microscope. Three samples of arteriae aorta were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS： Of the 50 experimental rabbits, 12 died in the test, so 38 rabbits were involved in the result analysis. ①Determination of content of blood fat before experiment, pre-and post,feeding with high cholesterol feed： Contents of triacylglycerol and plasma cholesterol in rabbits after feeding with high cholesterol feed were significantly higher than that before feeding [（183.26±13.4,42.24±20.3） mmol/L, （1 043.60±541.4,98.7±35.2） mmol/L, （P 〈 0.01）]. ②Affection of arteriae aorta, cardio vessel and other organs of rabbits after experiment： Light microscope results revealed that aortic tuniea intima showed thread-shape, plaque-shape lipid infiltration. Pathological change was the severest in aortic arch, generally, it was mild from higher to lower gradually. Vacuoles of different sizes o

关 键 词：动脉粥样硬化 高脂血症 内脏 

分 类 号：R541.4[医药卫生—心血管疾病]