采场覆岩空间结构观点及其应用研究  

Viewpoint of Spatial Structures of Overlying Strata and Its Application in Coal Mine

作　　者：姜福兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2006年第1期30-33,共4页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作基金项目(50320120001);国家自然科学基金项目(50074021)

摘　　要：介绍了采场覆岩空间结构的概念以及基于微地震定位监测技术研究覆岩空间结构的方法.指出了采场覆岩空间结构按照工作面采动边界条件,可以分为“θ”型、“O”型、“S”型和“C”型4类;采区与矿井范围内覆岩空间结构的形式,是由厚层坚硬顶板、埋深、工作面和采区之间煤柱以及断层煤柱等决定的,是随着开采阶段的不同而变化的.基于观测实例,阐述了微地震定位监测技术用于监测空间结构的形成过程和范围,以及确定底板有无突水危险、高应力场位置与冲击地压预测、导水裂隙带高度、开采上限、防水煤(岩)柱高度等方面的应用.展望了覆岩空间结构学术观点及其研究方法在采矿工程中的应用前景.The concept of spatial structure of overlying strata and the microseismic monitoring method are introduced. According to the mining borders, spatial structure of strata can be divided into four types, which are θ-shaped, O-shaped, S-shaped and C-shaped ones. The spatial structures of strata also exist among mining districts. The shapes of spatial structures are decided by massive hard strata, mining depth, pillars of coal, etc. How the microseismic monitoring technique is used to monitor the forming process of spatial structure and how the mining hazards are forecasted using microseismic monitoring techniques are presented. The application prospects of the viewpoint of strata spatial structure in mining engineering is analyzed.

关 键 词：矿山压力 上覆岩层 岩层空间结构 微地震监测 矿井灾害 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]