Land bridge and long-distance dispersal——Old views, new evidence  

作　　者：ZHOU Zhekun YANG Xuefei YANG Qingsong 

机构地区：[1]Laboratory of Biogeography and Biodiversity, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China [2]Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

出　　处：《Chinese Science Bulletin》2006年第9期1030-1038,共9页

基　　金：This work was jointly supported by the National Key Basic Research Program （973） （Grant No. 2003CB415102）; the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grants Nos. 40332021 ＆ 30540077）;the Yunnan Provincial Govern- ment through an Award for Prominent Contributions in Science and Technology to Prof. Wu Zhengyi in 2001 （Grant No. KIB-WU-2001-01）.

摘　　要：The study of land bridge based on con- tinental drift1) and long-distance dispersal are gaining increasing attention in biogeography. We review several major dispersal theories including the Mal- pigiacea route, patterns of chameleon dispersal and the floating island model. The Malpigiaceae route indicates that the Malpigiaceae family originated in northern South America and that members of several clades migrated into North America and subsequently moved via north Atlantic land connections into the Old World starting in the Eocene. This route may also explain many other pantropic disjunction patterns, including some Chinese plants disjunctions, involving South America. Not all biogeographical distribution patterns can be explained by vicariance theory, so more research, including chameleon distribution, has recently focused on long-distance dispersal. The lat- est analyses suggest that chameleons have dis- persed over long-distances from Madagascar on several occasions. The floating island model would explain flora and fauna similarities between South America and Africa. Studying long-distance dispersal mechanisms is important for understanding distribu- tion patterns and even the spread of pandemics. More research on the specific implications of long- distance dispersal for biogeography is necessary.The study of land bridge based on continental drift and long-distance dispersal are gaining increasing attention in biogeography. We review several major dispersal theories including the Malpigiacea route, patterns of chameleon dispersal and the floating island model. The Malpigiaceae route indicates that the Malpigiaceae family originated in northern South America and that members of several clades migrated into North America and subsequently moved via north Atlantic land connections into the Old World starting in the Eocene. This route may also explain many other pantropic disjunction patterns, including some Chinese plants disjunctions, involving South America. Not all biogeographical distribution patterns can be explained by vicariance theory, so more research, including chameleon distribution, has recently focused on long-distance dispersal. The latest analyses suggest that chameleons have dispersed over long-distances from Madagascar on several occasions. The floating island model would explain flora and fauna similarities between South America and Africa. Studying long-distance dispersal mechanisms is important for understanding distribu- tion patterns and even the spread of pandemics. More research on the specific implications of longdistance dispersal for biogeography is necessary.

关 键 词：大陆漂移 大陆桥 生物地理学 变色龙 始新世 

分 类 号：Q15[生物学—普通生物学]