秸秆覆盖还田对土壤理化性质及作物产量的影响  

Influences of straw mulching treatment on soil physical and chemical properties and crop yields

作　　者：吴婕[1] 朱钟麟[1] 郑家国[1] 姜心禄[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部长江上游农业资源与环境重点开放实验室四川省农科院

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2006年第2期192-195,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技攻关计划"稻田保护性耕作的关键技术与土壤肥力变化研究(04NG020-015)";国家863节水农业项目(2002AA224266);国家粮食丰产工程(2004BA520A14C15)

摘　　要：通过田间定位试验和土壤理化性质的测定，探讨了秸秆覆盖对川中丘陵区土壤的改良效果及对作物产量的影响。研究结果表明．与对照CK1相比，秸秆覆盖可使土壤总孔晾度增加2．88％～5．76％，土壤容重降低1．86％～3．73％，并且各生育期覆盖处理的土壤含水量均比对照高，并且秸秆覆盖还田对促进土壤团粒结构形成具有较大作用，改善了土壤通透性和保水保肥性；同时秸秆覆盖还田使土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾得到明显提高，从而培肥地力。试验表明随秸秆覆盖量的增加。作物增产效果越明显。Through field fixed location experiment and some determinations of soil physical and chemical properties, the ameliorative effect and the crop field effect of straw mulching in hilly area of the central Sichuan Basin was explored. The result indicated that straw mulching could increase soll porosity by 2.88 % - 5.76 % , reduce soil bulk density by 1.86 % - 3.73 % and the content of soil water with straw mulching was higher than that with no straw mulching treatment （CK1）at different growth stage, improve water-stable aggregate; and increase soll organic matter, available N, available P, available K, improve soll perviousness and soil retention of water and fertilizer. In addition, the crop yield increased better with increasing mulching quantity.

关 键 词：秸秆覆盖 土壤理化性质 产量 田间定位试验 

分 类 号：S151.9[农业科学—土壤学]