应用多工质朗肯循环提高火电厂效率  

Application of Multi-Medium Rankine Cycles for Raising the Efficiency of Fossil Fired Power Plants

作　　者：肖立川[1] 陈宏[1] 黄冬良 陈辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏工业学院,常州213016 [2]杨子石化热电厂,南京210048

出　　处：《动力工程》2006年第2期273-277,共5页Power Engineering

摘　　要：由于水蒸汽的热力性质所限制,常规火力发电厂应用的水蒸汽朗肯循环效率大大地低于同温差下的卡诺循环效率。在现代技术条件下;其效率一般在42%以下,而采用钾-联苯—水蒸汽三工质朗肯循环,或采用钾-水蒸汽二工质朗肯循环可使火电厂热效率提高到50%以上,能节约燃料35%左右,同时也大大地减轻了火力发电厂对环境的各种污染。在多工质朗肯循环中,必须根据各工质的热力学性质优化选择各工质的参数,充分发挥循环特性接近卡诺循环的作用,同时应解决好泄漏问题和选用合适的耐高温材料。在燃料价格及年运行小时较高时,多工质朗肯循环还是有较好的经济性。The efficiency of the steam-water Rankine cycle, as used by conventional fossil fired power plants, according to current engineering standing, being usually below 42%, lies much below that of the Carnot cycle for the same temperature difference; but by using a kalium-diphenyl-steam triple medium Rankine cycle or a kalium-steam binary medium Rankine cycle, the thermal efficiency of fossil fired power plants may be raised to 50 % or even more ; whereby about 35 % fuel could be saved and environmental pollution due to power plants remarkably mitigated. In a multi-medium Rankine cycle, the medium＇s parameters should be optimally opted according to their thermal properties, fully making use of the cycle＇ s potential possibility of approaching the Carnot cycle. Simultaneously a way of solving leakage problems should be found and the proper high-temperature resistant material chosen. In cases of high fuel costs together with sufficiently high operating hours per annum, multi-medium Rankine cycles will be able to exhibit their profitability. Figs 3, table 1 and refs 9.

关 键 词：动力系统工程 多工质朗肯循环 火电厂效率 工质参数 泄漏 材料选用 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]