超滤膜处理地表原水膜阻力特性研究  

The Characteristics of Membrane Resistance during Ultrafiltration of Surface Water

作　　者：陈艳[1] 董秉直[1] 高乃云[1] 范瑾初[1] 翟建文 谢春玲 徐平 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]日东电工美国海德能公司,北京100020

出　　处：《佳木斯大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第2期298-301,共4页Journal of Jiamusi University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2002AA601130);国家科技攻关重大项目(2003BA808A17)

摘　　要：从实际应用角度考虑,把膜阻力分为构造阻力、滤饼层阻力和吸附阻力,并将后两种阻力与水力冲洗强度联系起来,具有实用性.在过滤地表水源且当水中有机物含量变化不大时,吸附膜比阻力与过滤时间呈线形性增加.原水浊度较高时,吸附膜比阻力较小,反之较高.在过滤初期,吸附膜比阻力与原水UV254相关,原水UV254较高时,初始吸附膜比阻力较高,反之较低.滤饼层阻力随过滤时间呈线性下降.浊度较高的原水,滤饼层膜比阻力较小,且下降速率减缓,亦即由滤饼层阻力转化为吸附阻力的部分减少.因此,原水浊度适当提高,可降低总的膜阻力,增加透水通量.In the filtration tests of surface water at several turbidities （7.45NTU, 28.4NTU and 103NTU） without pretreatment, an increase in rate of fouling of membranes with low turbidity was observed in the flux tests for the other with high turbidity. This suggests that the cake of particulate matter formed at the membrane surface was able to prevent some of the dissolved matter from fouling the membrane. As the turbidity is increased, it appears that the particulate matter forms a thicker cake. However, membrane filtration of surface waters is characterized by a rapid loss of flux immediately upon the beginning of filtration, suggesting that the cake layer is not formed quickly.

关 键 词：超滤膜 地表原水 滤饼层阻力 吸附阻力 

分 类 号：P342[天文地球—水文科学]