铜对半滑舌鳎鳃组织结构和Na^+-K^+-ATPase活性影响的研究  

Effects of copper on the tissue structure and Na ~ +-K ~ + -ATPase activity in gill of Cynoglossus semilaevis Günther

作　　者：徐永江[1] 柳学周[1] 孙中之[1] 兰功钢 曲建忠 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]青岛忠海水产有限公司,266414

出　　处：《海洋水产研究》2006年第2期99-106,共8页Marine Fisheries Research

基　　金：国家863高技术研究发展计划项目(2002AA603011和2004AA603320)资助

摘　　要：铜暴露后鳃的组织损伤包括:上皮肿胀、肥大增生、空泡化,鳃上皮游离,鳃小片融合,粘液细胞数量增加,杯状细胞数量减少,柱细胞体系破坏,红血球溢出或融合成瘤。氯细胞增生和鳃上皮细胞的肿大、增生使得鳃的血水交换屏障距离加大而导致鳃组织缺氧。试验结果表明,鳃暴露于Cu2+溶液后会出现离子调节功能、酸平衡调节和渗透调节功能的损伤。Na+K+ATPase活力随水中铜离子浓度的升高而降低,且与对照组差异显著(P≤0.05)。组织学上可以直接地反映水体中重金属污染对鱼类鳃的损伤,因此是一种水环境重金属污染监测的重要指标。Na+K+ATPase活力对水环境铜污染具有反应的敏感性,与铜离子浓度之间存在明显的剂量效应关系,其活力的变化可以作为水体重金属污染的生物指示器。Histological alterations and Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity changes in gill of Cynoglossus semilaevis Gunther induced by subchronic copper exposure at different levels were studied in laboratory by combinding light and transmission electron microscope techniques and biochemistry methods. Lesion caused by copper in gill included epithelial changes such as lifting, rupture （vacuols）,lamellar fusion, hyperplasia and cellular hypertrophy; mucus cells increased, rupture of pilar cells system, erythrocyte congestion, and so on. Hytrophy and hyperplasia of chloride cells and epithelial cells increased the thickness of the water-blood barrier, which indicated severe impairment of ion regulation and gas transfer of fish exposed to copper. The results of the study indicate that histology is a successful tively even the sublethal effects of heavy metals tool capable of revealing sensitively and selecon the environment and aquatic biota. Na^＋-K^＋- ATPase activity decreased significantly as the copper concentration increased, showed significant difference from the control （P≤0.05）. Fish exposed to 150 μg/L exhibited behavioral alteration： uncoordinated and jerky swimming behavior,slow movement and reaction to exterior stimulus was observed after 12 days exposure. As the sensitivity and dose-depended relationship between the Na^＋-K^＋-ATPase activity and copper concentration in water,it has the potential to be a bio-indicator for copper pollution in aquaculture and marine environment.

关 键 词：半滑舌鳎 鳃组织 NA^+-K^+-ATPASE 铜 

分 类 号：S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]