禾长蠕孢菌及其代谢产物Ophiobolin A防治水稻纹枯病  

Biocontrol of Rice Sheath Blight by Helminthosporium gramineum Rabenh f. sp. echinochloae and Its Metabolite Ophiobolin A

作　　者：段桂芳[1] 张建萍[2] 周勇军[2] 余柳青[2] 袁勤生[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学生物反应器国家重点实验室,上海200237 [2]中国水稻研究所,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》2006年第3期337-339,共3页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370942);浙江省重点项目(2005C22018)

摘　　要：为充分利用已有杂草生防菌菌种资源,进行了稗草生防菌禾长蠕孢菌(HelminthosporiumgramineumRabenh f.sp.echinochloae,HGE)防治水稻纹枯病的初步研究。菌落对峙实验结果表明HGE对纹枯病菌菌丝生长有较强的抑制作用。HGE菌株的发酵液对纹枯病菌的生长有较强的抑制活性,稀释5倍的发酵液24h的抑菌率为84.1%。发酵液及菌丝的乙酸乙酯提取粗毒素在200μg/mL浓度下100%抑制纹枯病菌的生长。从粗毒素中分离纯化的有很强抑菌活性的化合物经过NMR及MS波谱分析鉴定为Ophiobolin A。Ophiobolin A在25μg/mL浓度下即100%抑制纹枯病菌的生长,浓度1μg/mL时的抑菌率为70.2%。实验结果显示HGE菌及其代谢物Ophiobolin A具有开发成水稻纹枯病生物杀菌剂的潜力。Helminthosporium gramineum Rabenh f. sp. echinochloae （HGE）, a promising fungus for controlling barnyardgrass, was evaluated for biocontrol of sheath blight in rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn. On a PDA plate, the antagonistic result showed that the inhibitory activity of HGE strain against the mycelial growth of R. solani was 83.5 %. Culture filtrate of HGE strain showed strong inhibitory activity against R. solani with a relative inhibitory rate of 84.1% at the 5-fold diluted filtrate. On PDA plate, mycelial growth of R. solani was completely inhibited by crude toxins （ethyl acetate extract of culture filtrate and mycelia of HGE） produced by HGE strain at 200μg/mL. One compound with high inhibitory activity against the growth of R. solani was isolated from the extracts of culture filtrate and mycelia of HGE. The bioactive compound was identified as Ophiobolin A through detailed analysis of NMR and MS data of the compound and the comparison with the reported spectra data. The relative inhibitory rate of Ophiobolin A against R. solani was 100%and 70.2% at 25μg/ml. and 1μg/mL., respectively. These results indicated that HGE strain and its metabolite Ophiobolin A could be potentially developed as a natural fungicide for the control of rice sheath blight.

关 键 词：禾长蠕孢菌 代谢产物 Ophiobolin A 水稻纹枯病 生物防治 稗草 

分 类 号：S435.111.42[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.1[农业科学—植物保护]