锡林浩特市土地利用/覆盖变化研究  

Study on Land Use/cover Change in Xilinhot City

作　　者：李月臣[1] 刘春霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院环境演变与自然灾害教育部重点实验室,北京100875 [2]重庆师范大学地理科学学院,重庆400047

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2006年第2期60-64,F0003,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院杰出海外学者基金;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000018604)

摘　　要：利用1995年和2000年的土地利用/覆盖数据,对锡林浩特市的土地利用/覆盖变化进行了研究。结果表明:1995—2000年间,锡林浩特草场资源退化趋势明显,高覆盖度草场明显减少,中、低覆盖度草场以及未利用地不断增加,草场资源向着恶性方向发展。此外,城镇扩展,毁草开荒等人类活动也破坏了大量优质草场。由于人类的不合理利用,研究区的景观格局日益破碎化,其中草地景观要素破碎化明显。草地资源是锡林浩特市社会经济发展和生态环境建设的关键,其不断退化和破碎已经成为严重社会经济和生态环境问题,影响着该区农牧业的正常生产和生态环境的持续发展,急需解决。Xilinhot City is located in the center of the Xinlinhot steppe grassland, and is the most representative ot steppe grassland in northern China. Ecological and environmental problems in the Xinlinhot have become more and more severe in recent years. In this study, based on the land use/cover data in 1995 and 2000, the land use/cover change in Xilinhot area was examined using GIS. The changes of land use/cover type and magnitude and landscape structure were analyzed. During the 5 years, degradation of grassland resources of Xilinhot was significant. The high coverage grasslands decreased remarkably and turned into medium, low coverage grassland and unable lands. As a result, medium coverage grasslands, low coverage grasslands and unable lands increased. Grasslands developed towards badness. Human activities such as town expansion and the turning grasslands into arable lands, etc. , also destroyed many high and medium coverage grasslands. The level of landscape heterogeneity increased and the land use/cover developed towards diversification and uniformity. The landscape structure of Xilinhot became fragmentized for human beings unreasonable use and intrusively destroy, and the fragmentation of grasslands was most obvious. Grassland resources is vital to racial and economy development of Xilinhot. Degradation and fragmentation of grasslands cause serious .social, economic and environmental problems, which influences the production of agriculture and stockbreeding and sustainable development of the environment. It is time to take some measures to resolve the problems.

关 键 词：锡林浩特 土地利用/覆盖变化 景观格局 草地 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]