台山市儿童乙肝疫苗免疫效果分析  

Survey on the Efficacy of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Taishan City

作　　者：余大年[1] 罗伟强[1] 李哓萍 刘文锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]台山市疾病预防控制中心,台山529200

出　　处：《热带医学杂志》2006年第4期428-430,381,共4页Journal of Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的监测台山市乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗纳入计划免疫管理10年后儿童血清乙肝病毒感染标志物(HBVM)的变化。方法采用分层随机抽样法,在全市共抽2个村的138名儿童为研究样本。用固相放射免疫法(SPRIA)检测乙肝病毒表面抗原、乙肝病毒核心抗体(抗-HBc)、乙肝病毒表面抗体(抗-HBs)。结果2002年1～14岁儿童乙肝疫苗接种率81.88%,全程接种68.84%。其中1～9儿童乙肝疫苗全程接种率为81.52%,10～14岁为69.56%。1～14岁儿童HBsAg携带率、抗-HBc阳性率、HBV感染率分别从1992年的21.09%、53.91%、57.81%降至2002年的4.35%、22.46%、34.78%,其中1～9岁儿童的HBsAg携带率、抗-HBc阳性、HBV感染率分别从1992年的18.95%、42.48%、45.10%降至2002年的2.17%、15.22%、29.35%。乙肝疫苗接种后,1～3岁儿童抗-HBs阳性率为28.57%～55.56%。由于实施了加强免疫,4～14岁儿童的抗-HBs阳性率维持在69.81%。结论台山市乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫管理10年后,全市1～14岁儿童HBV感染率已大幅度下降,抗-HBs阳性率大幅度升高,取得了良好的经济和社会效益。Objective To analyze the changes of hepatitis B virus marker （HBVM） in children in Taishan city since the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine into the expanded program of immunization in 1992. Method Stratifications including two villages and 138 children were drawn out by the method of multistage stratified sampling. HBsAg.anti- HBc and anti-HBs in the blood samples were detected by SPEIA method. Result In 2002, the immunization rate in children of 1-14 years old was 81.88%. 68.88% of children received the three-dose Hb vaccination. Their age distribution was 1-9 （81.52%） and 10-14 （69.56%） years old. The positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBc and infection rate of HBV in children were decreased from 21.09%, 53.91% and 57.81% in 1992 to 4.35%, 22.46% and 34.78% in 2002, respectively. For the children of age 1-9, the positive rates of HBsAg, anti-HBc and HBV were decreased from 18.95%, 42.48%,45.10% in 1992 to 2.17%, 15.22%, 29.35% in 2002, respectively. After HBV vaccination, the positive rates of anti-HBs in children of age 1-3 and 4-14 was 28.57%-55.56% and 69.81% ,respectively. Conclusion Since the launching of hepatitis B immunization program in 1992, HBV infection rate has been decreasing evidently, and the positive rate of anti-HBs has been increasing obviously. And the society is benefit from this immunization program.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 计划免疫 血清学效果 乙型肝炎病毒标志物 

分 类 号：R512.62[医药卫生—内科学]