论美国侵权法中的侵扰制度  

作　　者：周鹂[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学

出　　处：《环球法律评论》2006年第2期193-197,共5页Global Law Review

摘　　要：侵扰制度源于美国侵权法与环境法的竞合,也是美国环境法的起源。侵扰不同于侵权法中的土地侵犯和过失,它侧重于对原告所遭受伤害的保护,并不属于严格意义上的侵权范畴,只有实质性损害发生以后才会对被告的原因行为予以追究。本文运用大陆法系概念法学的传统分析方法,从侵扰的概念和辨析入手,通过对侵扰的分类、侵扰的构成要件、侵扰的违法阻却事由的分析,对侵扰制度做出评价,分析其存在的意义以及与大陆法系相邻权的区别与联系,从而对我国的环境侵权制度的研究产生指引。Nuisance is not only the concurrent rule in American tort law and American environmental law but also the origin of American environmental law as well. Nuisance differs from the trespass to land and negligence in torts law. It is an independent legal rule in torts law because it lies not precisely in the scope of torts. Nuisance emphasizes the protection to the harm the plaintiff sustained, that is, only when substantial harm incurred will the defendant＇ s causing action be pursued liability under law. Actually, this is not the sole reason. In this article, the author chooses traditional analytic method of conceptualist jurisprudence of continental law system, starts with the concept and differentiation of nuisance and then gives detailed analysis of the classification, the required elements and the defenses of nuisance, hence in the last part, the author can make evaluation of the rule of nuisance and comment its existing significance as well as its comparison to the rule of neighboring right in continental law system. The purpose thereof is to give direction for the study of the system of environmental torts in China.

关 键 词：侵扰制度 公共侵扰 私人侵扰 相邻权 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD913