地表水体下煤炭资源开采研究  

EXPLOITATION OF COAL RESOURCES UNDER SURFACE WATER BODY

作　　者：武雄[1] 于青春[1] 汪小刚[2] 段庆伟[2] 李新强[2] 杨健[2] 包雅馥[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学水资源与环境学院,北京100083 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100044 [3]长春职业技术学院,吉林长春130000

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2006年第5期1029-1036,共8页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

摘　　要：在地表水体下进行煤炭资源开采的研究课题是一个跨煤炭、水利、地质和环境保护行业的综合性研究课题。随着《中华人民共和国水法》的颁布实施和国家对环境保护重视程度的加强,其研究内容应扩大,需把资源开采、保证水工结构安全和环境保护结合起来进行研究,真正达到各系统“多赢”的局面。近年来,许多大型水利工程的建设将不可避免地遇到穿越煤系地层的问题,比如,南水北调中线总干渠由南至北依次穿越禹县、新郑、焦作、邢台等矿区的14个矿井,压煤1.8502×108t。因此,在地表水体下进行煤炭资源开采的研究具有重大的理论和现实意义。地表水体下进行煤炭资源开采至少应关注以下几个问题:(1)煤层开采引发地表塌陷对水工结构稳定性及安全运行的影响;(2)煤层开采引发地表水体渗漏及水位骤降的问题研究;(3)煤层开采对研究区渗流场变化、水工结构安全的影响研究;(4)煤层开采对研究区环境破坏的影响研究等。结合申家庄煤矿扩大区在岳城水库库区下采煤的工程实例,采用理论计算、数值模拟、现场测量和工程类比相结合的方法对上述问题进行详细研究,论证在岳城水库下进行煤炭资源开采的可行性,从而为相关部门进行决策提供重要的科学依据。The study on exploitation of coal resources under surface water is a comprehensive research task extending across coal mining, water conservancy, geological and environmental protection. With the promulgation and enforcement of water law of the People＇s Republic of China and more and more attention being paid to environmental protection, it is necessary to extend and enlarge research content and range, and to carry out study that integrates resources exploitation with ensuring security of hydro-structure and environmental protection in order to achieve multi-winning situation among systems. Issues about traversing coal measures are encountered inevitably in some large-scale water conservancy projects. For instance, main conveyance canal of middle line project of South-to-North Water Transfer traverses successively 14 mines which belong to Yuxian, Xinzheng, Jiaozuo, Xintai, etc. mining areas from the South to the North, and 1.850 2x108 t coal is buried under these areas. So, the study on the exploitation of coal resources under surface water has great theoretical and practical significances. It is suggested that at least the following questions should be given attention to the mining coal resources under surface water. （l） the influence of surface collapse due to mining on stabilization and safe operation of hydro-structure： （2） surface water seepage caused by mining and rapid drawdown of water level; （3） the influence of mining on change of seepage field and security of hydro-structure; and （4） environmental disruption owing to mining in research area, etc.. Combined with engineering example of excavating coal in expansion areas of Shenjiazhuang colliery under Yuecheng reservoir, detailed research for above questions has been done through theoretical calculation, numerical modeling, and the method of linking field survey with engineering analogue. Feasibility of exploitation of coal resources under Yuecheng reservoir has been verified; and scientific base for making policy is provided.

关 键 词：采矿工程 地表水体 煤炭资源开采 水下地形测量 地表塌陷 渗流 

分 类 号：TD82[矿业工程—煤矿开采]