汕头市11年维持无脊髓灰质炎状态分析  

Poliomyelitis-free status for 11 years,1994-2004,in Shantou

作　　者：郭昕东 王普生 詹幼芳 黄建晖[1] 蔡咏娜 黄少珊 谢云[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头市疾病预防控制中心,广东汕头515031 [2]汕头市卫生监督所

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2006年第2期8-11,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价汕头市1994～2004年维持无脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）工作效果. 方法对急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）病例监测系统和口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（OPV）免疫工作进行分析评价. 结果 1994～2004年共报告AFP 183例,〈15岁儿童非脊髓灰质炎AFP病例报告发病率为1.39/10万,合格粪便采集率为93.99%.183例AFP病例中,共分离出脊髓灰质炎病毒（PV）14株,检出率为7.65%,检出的PV均为疫苗株.疫苗相关麻痹型脊灰1例.1996年之后,AFP病例监测系统评价指标均达到卫生部和世界卫生组织（WHO）要求的指标和标准.OPV每年常规免疫报告接种率≥95.37%,每轮OPV强化免疫接种率≥96.26%,抽查评估接种率为92.31%～98.23%. 结论汕头市1994～2004年已连续11年无脊髓灰质炎野病毒引起的病例报告,保持无脊髓灰质炎状态,但AFP监测和OPV免疫存在薄弱地区和薄弱人群,应继续采取和落实有效措施.Objective To evaluate the poliomyelitis eradication program and to maintain the polio free status in Shantou. Methods AFP surveillance and poliovirus isolation in stool samples. Results 183 AFP cases were reported in children 〈 15 years in 1994 - 2004. The incidence of AFP was 1.39/100 000. 14 strains poliovirus were isolated and all of them were vaccine-assoeiated. Only one case was vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis （VAPP）. AFP surveillance system has met the standard of MOH and WHO since 1996. The reported coverage of OPV routine hnmtmization was more than 95.37% every year and reported rate of supplementary immunization was more than 96.26% each round. The evaluated rate was 92.31% - 98.23%. Conclusion Although poliomyelitis-free has maintained for 11 years in Shantou, intensive AFP surveillance and high coverage in routine vaecination must be implemented.

关 键 词：脊髓灰质炎 免疫 急性弛缓性麻痹 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]