三峡库区藻类水华调查及其毒理学研究  

INVESTIGATION ON ALGAL WATER-BLOOMS IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AND ITS TOXICOLOGICAL STUDY

作　　者：周广杰[1] 况琪军[1] 刘国祥[1] 汤宏波[1] 胡征宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2006年第1期37-41,共5页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KSCX2-SW-111);国家自然科学基金重点项目(30330140)资助

摘　　要：三峡水库一期工程蓄水近两年(2003年7月—2005年4月)期间,库区发生过多次藻类“水华”,尤其在阳光充足、气温回升的春季。经鉴定形成水华的藻类主要有拟多甲藻(Peridiniopsissp1,sp2),新星形冠盘藻(Stephanodiscusneoastraea),里海小环藻(Cyclotella caspia),湖沼红胞藻(Rhodomonas lacustris),实球藻(Pandorina morum)和空球藻(Eudorina elegans);其中以拟多甲藻水华涉及面积最大,持续时间最久,污染程度最为严重。通过对拟多甲藻水华水及其藻细胞提取液的生物毒性测试,表明其对其他水生生物和小白鼠没有明显的生物毒性。The paper represents the phenomenon of water-blooms occurring in Three Gorges Reservoir from July 2003 to April 2005. During this period, algal water-blooms occurred for many times, especially in spring when the water temperature rised gradually and sunlight becomed abundant. The main taxa of water-blooms were Peridiniopsis spl, Peridiniopsis sp2, Stephanodiscus neoastraea, Cyclotella caspia, Rhodomonas lacustris, Pandorina morum and Eudorina elegans, in which water-bloom of Peridiniopsis spl was the most serious one. When water-bloom of dominant specie Peridiniopsis spl emerged, Cyclotella sp., Cryptomonas sp. and Melosira sp. supplied much primary productivity too. The peak values of cell density and biomass of Peridiniopsis spl were noted at 1 meter with cell numbers of 8.71 × 10^6cells/L and the wet weight of 69.65mg/L. The minimal values of two indexes were both noted at bottom layer with 4.58 × 10^5cells/L and 3.67mg/L. Other algae also represented their own distribution orderliness. Contrasting cell densities and biomass of different algae, we educed that primary productivity was sup- plied by Peridiniopsis spl due to its great cell volume and huge cell numbers. For proving up whether Peridiniopsis spl waterbloom produced toxin and brought effects on human＇ s drinking water, we made out toxicological experiments on water-bloom water and algal distilled solution. The water sample taken in Tongzhuang River was filtered through Whatman GF/C filters （0.45μm） to remove natural particles and other organisms prior to experiment. We prepared seven testing medium, namely origi- nal water, original water＋ N, original water＋ P, original water＋ N ＋ P, original water＋ full nutritional elements in BGll, au- toclaved original water and BG11. The tested alga was Scenedesmus obliquus and the original cell density was 7.5 × 10^5 cells/L. The culture vessels was 150mL autoclaved glass flasks containing 100mL water. The flasks were incubated at 20℃ with a light intensity of 50-70μmol/m^2/s. Bottom light

关 键 词：三峡库区 拟多甲藻 水华 生物毒性测试 

分 类 号：Q178.5[生物学—水生生物学]