基于trnK基因的葱属植物分子系统研究  

trnK-Gene-Based Molecular Phylogeny of Allium Plants (Lilaceae s.l.)

作　　者：周颂东[1] 何兴金[1] 葛颂[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院,成都610064 [2]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物研究开放实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2006年第5期906-914,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家教育部博士点基金资助项目(B120030610042)

摘　　要：在形态和细胞分类研究的基础上选择产于中国的9组47种葱属植物(含外类群5种),运用PCR方法扩增叶绿体trnK基因,选择26种限制性内切酶对PCR扩增片段进行了RFLP分析.结果表明:trnK基因的PCR产物在各分类群间几乎不存在长度变异,约为2 520 bp,PCR扩增片段酶切后,共得到247个变异位点,其中信息位点201个.运用PAU P 4.0 B 10.0和M EGA 3.1软件进行分析,构建葱属系统发育的D o llo和W agner最简约(M P)树及邻接(N J)树.分析表明:(1)宽叶组类群组成比较自然的单系群,洋葱组和葱组也各自形成独立分枝,表明这3个组的划分是比较自然的.多籽组和合被组在本次分析中形成1个单系群,表明这2个组具有较密切的亲缘关系.而粗根组、根茎组和单生组的划分是不自然的,需进一步研究后作适当的调整.粗根组的类群在trnK基因的RFLP分析中,得到很好的分辨,可按其染色体基数分为3个大的类群.(2)中国葱属植物可以划分为6个亚属的新等级,在各亚属下可以再分组.(3)本文还对葱属的种间亲缘、进化关系等问题进行了讨论.Forty seven representative species were selected from all the nine sections of Chinese Allium on the basis of the classification of morphology and cytotaxonomy. The trnK gene fragments of chloroplast DNA were amplified from 47 species by PCR method. The trnK gene fragments of all species were 2 520 bp length that were digested by 26 restriction enzymes,and 247 polymorphic restriction sites were found,of which 201 were informative sites. The restriction site data ware analyzed with PAUP （4.0 beta version 10.0 ） and MEGA 3. 1. The analysis showed that （1） the recognition of Sect. Anguinum,Sect. Cepa and Sect. Schoenoprasum in the flora of China are reasonable. The Sect. Molium and Sect. Caloscordum constructed a monophyletic group,shown that these two sections have closed relationship. However,Sect. Rhizirideum ,Sect. Haplostemon and Sect. Bromatorrhiza are not monophyletic groups ,the infrageneric sections should be revised. Every basic chromosome number of Sect. Bromatorrhiza were distinguished very well in this PCR-RFLP analysis. The Sect. Bromatorrhiza were classified three groups （or sections） by their basic chromosome number. （2） The genus Allium from China could be classified into six subgenera, and the six subgenera could be classified some sections. （3） In this paper,the evolution and the relationship of species of this genus Allium were also discussed.

关 键 词：葱属 分子系统学 RFLP trnK基因 进化 

分 类 号：Q346.5[生物学—遗传学] Q949.718.23