土圞儿属和旋花豆属(豆科)的孢粉学研究  

Palynology of Apios Fabr.and Cochlianthus Benth. (Fabaceae s.l.)

作　　者：任勃[1] 温洁[2] 乐志芳[1] 朱相云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所 [2]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2006年第5期949-956,共8页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30570117和30270105)

摘　　要：在扫描电子显微镜下,对豆科土儿属(Ap ios)和旋花豆属(Coch lianthus)7个种植物的花粉进行了观察.结果表明,2个属的花粉均为三孔沟,形状为三角球形或球形.土儿属的花粉可划分为2种类型:肉色土儿(A.carnea)的花粉外壁为典型的网状纹饰,其它种的花粉外壁较光滑,具颗粒状或短条纹状纹饰,研究结果不支持土儿属下亚属的划分;肉色土儿花粉外壁的网状纹饰式样可能反映了其在土儿属中处在较进化的位置.土儿属东亚分布种的花粉类型较为多样,原始和进化2种类型并存,表明东亚可能是土儿属的起源地和演化中心.旋花豆属的花粉特征和肉色土儿相似,说明两者之间的亲缘关系可能较近.The pollens of seven species belonging to Apios and Cochlianthus were observed by scanning electron microscopy and the results showed that the two genera have tricolporate pollens whose shape are triangular or global. The pollens of Apios can be divided into two types. The pollens of A. carnea have typical reticulate outer wall and the pollens of the other species have smoothskinned outer wall with granulate or short striate ornamentations ,which doses not support that Apios can be divided into subspecies ;the reticulate outer wall of A. carnea may reflect that A. carnea probably has a higher evolutional position in Apios. The pollens of the Apios species that distributes in East Asia are diverse and their primitive and evolutional types coexist ,which indicates that East Asia is probably the birthplace and evolution center. The pollens of Cochlianthus are similar to those of A. carnea and this indicates that there exists a close genetic relation between the two.

关 键 词：花粉 土圞儿属 旋花豆属 豆科 

分 类 号：Q944.571[生物学—植物学]