小盐芥小孢子发生和雄配子体发育研究  

Microsporogenesis and Male Gametophyte Development in Thellungiella halophila

作　　者：董美芳[1] 王正德[2] 尚富德[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学生命科学学院,河南开封475001 [2]南阳师范学院生物系,河南南阳474000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2006年第5期964-969,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：河南省高等学校创新人才基金项目

摘　　要：在显微水平上研究了小盐芥的小孢子发生及雄配子体发育过程,以及不同阶段与花蕾外部形态的相关性.本实验报道的小孢子发生及雄配子体发育的研究结果表明：雄蕊为四强雄蕊,每个花药具4个花粉囊.小孢子母细胞减数分裂属同时型,小孢子在四分体中的排列方式属四面体型.成熟花粉粒属3-细胞型,有3个萌发沟.花粉囊壁发育属双子叶型,由4层细胞构成--表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层.绒毡层为腺质绒毡层.植株花蕾肉眼可见时,雄性孢原细胞开始分化.花蕾露白即蕾长1.1～1.7 mm时,形成成熟的雄配子体,即3-细胞花粉粒.This study microscopically examined the microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development, as well as their correlations at their different stages with flower in Thellungiella halophila. It revealed that T. halophila has tetradynamous stamen each of which has four pollen sacs,the meiosis in the microspore mother cells belongs to a simultaneous type and the microspores are arranged in a tetrahedron shape in the tetrads. The mature pollen grains belong to a 3-cell type and have three germination appertures. The pollen-sac wall belongs to a dicotyledonous type and consists of four layers of cells-epidermis,endotheciurn,middle layer and tapetum. The tapetum is glandular one. When the flower buds can be seen with naked eyes,the male sporogonia begin to differentiate. The flower buds expose its white parts,i, e. reach 1.1-1.7 mm long,they have formed mature male gametophytes ,the three-cell pollen grains.

关 键 词：小盐芥 小孢子发生 雄配子体发育 

分 类 号：Q944.4[生物学—植物学] Q949.748.3